Ka jingroi bad ka jingkiew shaphrang jong ka Ri ka shong khambun eh na ka jingbiang ka bording elektrik. Ka elektrik ka la long kaba donkam bha ha man uwei pa uwei u briew, la ha ki ophis, ki skul, ki kolej, ki jaka wad jingtip saian, ki karkhana, ki kam iada Ri, ki misteri bad kiwei kiwei de. Namarkata ka don ka jingkiew ha ka jingpyndonkam ban ioh elektrik. Ka jingroi jong ki briew ka la pynbun shuh shuh ia ki iing ki sem, ha ka jylla Meghalaya, kumta ka la don ka jingroi jong ki nongtan bording elektrik. Ban pynbiang sha ki nongtan bording elektrik, la hap ban pynbun ia ki lain bad ki jaka sam bording elektrik (substation) ha ka Jylla ban ioh pynpoi elektrik sha ki iing ki sem. Hynrei ka jingdon jong kine ki line elektrik bad ki substeshon ka la wanrah ruh ia ki jingjia ba shah bat bording jong ki briew bad ki mrad bad ka jingkiew stet kum kine ki jingjia ka la nang ima katba nangmih ki snem.
Ka ophis Inspectorate of Electricity, Shillong kaba dei khmih ia ka Ain bording elektrik bad ia ki kyndon jong ka, ka don ka thong ban ioh ia ka jylla ka bym don kano ka jingmynsaw ia ki briew ne ki mrad naka elektrik. Ka jingthmu jong kane ka ophis ka long ban hikai kumno ban lait na ki jingmynsaw ha ka elektrik. Ki jingtrei kam jong kane ka ophis ka dei ban pynthikna ba baroh ki jaka ai bording ne sam bording ki dei ban lait na ki jingma katkum ka kyndon ba 53 jong ka Ain Elektrik 2003 bad ki kyndon kiba don ha ka.
Kumba ngi tip “Ka bording elektrik ka long ka shakri kaba bha, hynrei ka dei ka kynrad kaba sniew.” Ia ka bording elektrik um lah ban iohi da ki khmat, hynrei kam mut ba kam don tangba ka long kaba mynsaw pat lada ktah ha ki tiar ba ka don. Ka bording elektrik ka par ia ka met u briew ne mrad bad pynjot ia ki dohjem bad ki shyieng ha ka met, ka pyneh ia ki dohksah (muscle contraction) bad poi sha ka jingmynsaw ne jingiap. Namarkata, ban iada na ki jingmynsaw na ka bording elektrik, ka jingthmu ba kongsan jong ka Sorkar ka long ban pynsngewthuh paidbah shaphang ki jingma jong ka bad kumno ban shim ia ki lad ban iada na ka elektrik. Na kata ka daw ka donkam ka jingiatreilang jong ki paidbah, ki riew shimet bad ki nongshong Shnong, ki bor jong ka shnong ban hikai pateng kumno ban bud ryntih ia ki rukom iada bad ban kiar na ki jingma jong ka elektrik khnang ban gin ioh ka Jylla kaba lait na ki jingjia ba shah pynmynsaw ha ka bording elektrik.
Ki jingtip kiba rit kumno ban iada na ki jingma jong ka bording elektrik ka long kaba donkam ha ka jingim kaba man ka sngi. Ka jingshahbat bording ka lah ban dei ba ki briew kim tip kumno ban iada ialade na ka elektrik bad ka lah ban long ruh ba ki briew kiba la tip bha ia ki jingma jong ka bording hynrei ki khein sting bad leh bymsuidniew ha ka por ba ki trei ia ki kam bording bad kane ka wanrah ia ka jingma ym tang ia uba trei bording hynrei ia kiba iatrei lang bad u.
Shuwa ba ngin poi sha ki lad ban iada na ki jingmynsaw jong ka bording elektrik, ka long kaba donkam ban sngewthuh ia ka jingma ba shah bat bording elektrik khnang ba ngin kham shim khia kumno ban iada ialade. Ki jingma na ka jingshahabat bording elektrik ki don ar bynta :
1.Kaba pyniap.
2.Kaba pynmynsaw.
Na kitei haneng, ka jingma jong ka jingshahabat elektrik ia ki briew bad ki mrad lah ban bynta kumne harum katkum ki bor ba shah pynmynsaw :
1.Ka jingshah bat bording elektrik ba pyniap, Kaba lah ban wanrah ia ka jingiap hapoh ka shi sekhon katkum ka jingheh ka voltage ne bording.
2.Ka jingma ba shah pynkyndit ne tan ha ka bording elektrik. (Ka bym pyniap, ka lah ban wanrah ka jingthut ki bor iohsngew, pynduna jingiohi, ktah ia ki bor kynmaw, ktah ia ka rukom ioh-thiah bad kiwei de).
3. Ka jingmynsaw ba ing ha ka bording elektrik (ka jingduhnoh ia ki kti ki jat ne shympriah-kti, lah ban duh ki kti ki kjat baroh ar bad ing ka met ne durkhmat, kaba pyniap suki hadien).
4.Ka jinghap na kaba kyndit ba shah bat elektrik (kaba lah ban iap ne mynsaw haba hap najrong ki nar elektrik).
Bun ki jingjia ba shah bat bording elektrik ki lah ban dei na ka jingiatyngkhuh bad ki sainar ne tiar elektrik ne tang na kaba tur palat shajan ha ki jaka ba don ki tiar ne sainar elektrik na ka daw jong ka bor tan ka elektrik (electric induction). Ka bor tan jong ka elektrik ka kham jur haba ka bording ka kham heh. Ka long namarkata kaba donkam ia ki nongshong shnong baroh ba kim dei ban khein sting hynrei ki donkam ban bud ryntih kumno ban iada na ka jingma jong ka bording elektrik.
Kine harum ki long ki jingbuh ryntih bad jinghikai ba kumno ngi dei ban kiar ban iada na ki jingma jong ka bording elektrik :
Kiei ba ngi dei ban kiar :-
¢Wat shna iing ha ki nar elektrik ba iaid ka bording namar lada don ka jingsniew ki tiar pyndait sainar (insulator) ka bording elektrik kan pur sha iing bad ka lah ban wanrah ka jingmynsaw ne jingiap ia kiba shong hangta.
¢Wat nym shna iing ne kano kano ka jingtei hapoh ka jaka ba don ki sainar elektrik. Lada donkam dei ban thoh sha u Electoral Inspector ba un leit jurib bad bishar shuwa. Ka rai jong u ka dei kaba kut katkum ba ai bor da ki Ain.
¢Wat pyndonkam da ki tiar ki bym bha (duplicate) ban ring elektrik hapoh iing kum ki PVC, ki switch, MCB namar ki lah ban um, thut bad ing bad ka lah ban pynpluh ia ka iing.
¢Wat nym rah ki ryngwiang khwai hajan ki sainar elektrik namar ki ryngwiang (fiber) la shna na ki mar ba lah ban par ka bording elektrik ne ki ryngwiang khwai ba jhieh ki long kiba lah ban pur ka bording elektrik, te lada tyngkhuh ne haja (flashover point) bad ki sainar elektrik namar ka lah ban pynum ia ki PVC bad kem ding.
¢Wat nym ktah ne kiew ia ki nar pynieng elektrik (electric pole) ne ki kor bad tiar elektrik.
¢Wat nym ktah ia ki tiar elektrik haba ki kti ki kjat ki jhieh. Haba shna bording elektrik dei ban pyndonkam da ki tiar ban iada na ka jingpar ka elektrik bad ki kti ki kjat ki dei ban rkhiang.
¢Wat nym pynher kotkudi da ki ksai kiba khlain bad baeh ne ba khleh menja namar ki lah ban ot ia ki sainar elektrik bad kumjuh ki lah ban tan pyntyngkhuh para sainar bad kane ka lah ban wanrah ia ka jingsniew ki tiar elektrik ba kiew kynsan ka bording (voltage) ha ki iing kiba tan bording elektrik na kito ki sainar.
¢Wat nym buh ia ki switch ba pynmeh bording hapoh iing kiba lah ban ktah da ki shympriahkti jong ki khyllung. Buh ki tiar jingsop ban iada na ka jingpar ka bording ban nym mynsaw lada kum ktah ki khyllung.
¢Wat nym pynlong jingialang /iengkai hapoh ki jaka ba don ki sainar elektrik.
¢Wat nym the sainar ne tyllai ban thad jain ha ki nar pynieng elektrik (electric pole).
¢Wat nym teh jingri kum ki ksew, ki masi, blang, shynreh ha ki nar pynieng elektrik.
¢Wat nym rah tiar nar ne GI pipe um ne kino kino ki tiar ne lum tiar hajan jong ki jaka ba don ki sainar elektrik.
¢Wat nym pyndait bulb elektrik, MCB, switch ne trei kam bording khlem da pynlip shuwa ia ka bording elektrik.
¢Wat nym trei hi ki kam bording elektrik lada phim dei kiba la ioh bor (laisen) ne la ithuh da ka sorkar ha kaba iadei bad ka elektrik.
¢Wat nym bujli ia ki sainar (fuse) ne MCB ha iing lada ki sniew khlem da wad bniah ia ka daw. Phah peit ha ki briew kiba tip ia ka bording elektrik ban lait na ka jingduh ki tiar ne jingpluh ka iing.
¢Wat nym shna elektrik da ki tiar kum ki let, tari namar ki lah ban wanrah ia ka jingmynsaw namar ka elektrik ka lah ban par lyngba kine ki tiar.
¢Wat ju pynmeh ia ki kor elektrik kum ki geyser, heater, washing machine ha iing khlem da don briew.
¢Wat ju pynlong jaka buh ki tiar ne mar ba kemding kum ki LPG, Petrol bad kiwei de hapoh ki jaka ba don ki sainar elektrik.
¢Wat nym kawang ne theh um ia ki kor elektrik, ki sainar elektrik, namar ka wanrah ia ka jingma na ka jingpar ka bording ia u nongtheh um bad ki briew ba don hajan.
¢Wat nym tan elektrik da kaba tuh ne shu bnoh sha ki ing khlem da ioh bor na ki nongai elektrik kum ka MeECL namar lada bakla ban pyndait ia ki sainar kan wanrah ia ka jingma ne jingiap. U sainar u lah ban noh shajan khyndew bad khluit nangta sa dkut na ki jaka ba shu bnoh.
¢Wat nym weng ia ki jingthoh ne notice shaphang ban iada na ka jingmynsaw jong ka elektrik.
¢Wat nym mushlia ia ki meter elektrik ne kiwei ki tiar elektrik ha ki iing jongphi namar ka lah ban wanrah ia ka jingmynsaw.
¢Wat nym leit hajan ki sainar ba khlain bording elektrik (High voltage ne Extra High voltage) namar ka lah ban pynmynsaw wat lada khlem pyndei ruh na ka bor tan jong ka (induction).
¢Wat nym pynkyllon dieng ha ki sainar elektrik ne pynkyllon hajan ki sainar elektrik ba don ka bording ba khlain (High voltage ne extra high voltage) namar ka lah ban wanrah ia ka jingma ba par ka bording elektrik.
¢Wat nym lum tiar, ne theh khyndew ne thung jingthung ne thungdieng hapoh ki jaka ba tan /iaid ki sainar elektrik.
¢Wat nym pynbthei maw hapoh ka 300 meter na ki pud jong ka jaka sam ne pynmih bording elektrik ne jaka pynieng ki nar elektrik khlem da ioh bor na ka MeECL ne ki trai ba dei peit ia ka elektrik.
¢Wat nym tih ne ot khyndew kumba 10 meter na ki jaka pynieng nar elektrik ba 132000 volt shaneng bad 5 meter na ki nar pynieng elektrik ba 11000 volt bad 33000 volt khlem da ioh bor da ka jingthoh na ka MeECL ne ki trai jong ka elektrik.
¢Wat nym shna kano kano ka jingtei ne iing, ki jingiada na ka jingshlei um, ban kynton khyndew ban shna lynti ne surok hapoh ki sainar elektrik. Lada donkam hap ban thoh sha u Eletrical Inspector uba don ka bor ban rai katkum ka Ain jong ka Elektrik khnang ban iada na ka jingmynsaw.
¢Wat nym thang ding halor ki jaka ba iaid ki bording elektrik napoh khyndew (underground electric cable).
¢Wat nym sait ia ki sainar elektrik bad ki tiar pyndait jong ka namar ki lah ban dkut bad pynmynaw.
¢Wat ny m shah ia ki nongpeitkai ne briew nabar ban rung sha ki jaka buh tiar elektrik ne substeshon ne jaka pynmih bording ne sam bording lait noh tang ki nongtreik ba ithuh ka MeECL ne kompeni elektrik.
¢Wat nym tur shajan ki sainar elektrik ba la dkut ha khyndew, ieng kham pajih kumba 18 mitar na ki sainar ba dkut. Pyntip mar mar sha ki nongtrei ka MeECL lada phi iohi ba kin pynlip ia ka bording ban lait na ka jingmynsaw.
¢Wat nym tan sainar ne wire elektrik napdeng jong ki sainar hynrei tang na ki jaka pynieng ki nar elektrik (electric pole) ban iada na ka jingnoh ki sainar elektrik sha khyndew bad ka lah ruh ban iatyngkhuh para sainar bad sa kiew syndet (high voltage) ka bording elektrik. Kane ka lah ban pynduh ia ki tiar elektrik hapoh iing.
¢Wat nym shna hapoh 500 meter ki jaka thang mawit lane kino kino ki jaka ba pynmih lyer jaboh hajan ki jaka sam ne pynmih bording elektrik (installation ne transmission line) kaba 2, 20, 000 Volt shaneng.
¢Wat nym trei ki kam bording elektrik lada phi khlem dei kiba la ioh jinghikai bad kiba pule ha kane ka bynta. Baroh ki nongtrei bording ki dei ban pyndonkam ki tiar iada jingmynsaw na ka elektrik haba ki trei kam, kum ki jri sopti, ki juti jri, jingda khlieh, tyllai jingteh ban nym hap katkum ki kyndon ka Ain. Ki nongtrei bording elecktrikj ki dei ban ioh laisen na ka Sorkar (Inpectorate of Electricity).
¢Ym dei ban tan elektrik sha ki jaka ialang paidbah kum ki concert, trade fair, jingialang, functions, jaka bun briew khlem da ioh jingbit na u Electrical Inspector.
¢Ka Leilieh ka dei ka bording elektrik kaba khlain bor bha, wat ieng ha ki jaka bym don jingkah ne habar ha ka por ba don leilieh hynrei dei ban rieh hapoh ki iing ne jaka ba don jingker najrong ne tnum ban lait na ka jingmynsaw na ka leilieh.
¢Wat nym ktah ia u ne ka briew ba shah bat elektrik namar ka lah ban bat lang. Pyntip kloi sha ki bor ka MeECL ban pynlip ia ka bording elektrik jong kata ka jaka. Hadien ba la thikna ba la lip ka light phi lah ban weng ia u ba shah bat elektrik. Pyntip ruh sha u Electrical Inspector ba un wan jurip ia ka jaka ba shah bat elektrik.
Kiei ba ngi dei ban leh :
>Ki nongshim bording ki dei ban sumar ban nym don kano kano ka jingpynjot ia ki tiar elektrik bad ia ki sainar ba tep hapoh khyndew (earthing) hapoh phyllaw bad iing jong ki, namar ki iada ia ka iing lada don jingpar elektrik.
>Ki PVC tan bording ba la rim hapoh iing dei ban dap hah peit bniah ha ki nongshna elektrik ba ioh laisen ban iada na ka jingtor bad lada donkam dei ban bujli da kiba thymmai ban iada na kaba ing bad kem ding.
>Katkum ka Ain, ki iing kiba tei san mala shaneng ki donkam ban ioh bor na u Electrical Inspector shuwa ban tan bording elektrik.
>Baroh kiba buh X- ray lane kiba syriem kum kita kiba don ki “high frequency apparatur” ki dei ban phah khmih bad ioh jingbit shuwa na u Electrical Inspector shuwa ban pyndonkam ia ki. Ia kine hap phah khmih manla u snem ha u Electrical Inspector bad ioh jingthoh ba kim don jingma.
Ki trai ba buh elektrik lift bad escalator ki dei ban phah khmih bad ioh jingbit na u Electrical Inspector shuwa ban pyntreikam ia ki.
>Ki trai lane kiba pyndonkam ia ki luminous sign lane kum kita kiba iasyriem kiba pyndonkam da ka voltage palat ia ka 650 volt haduh 33000 volt ki dei ban ioh jingbit da ka jingthoh na u Electrical Inspector shuwa ban pyntreikam ia ki.
>Ki nongtan bording ha ki iing ki sem kim dei ban lushia ia ki tiar elektrik kiba dei jong ka MeECL hapoh phyllaw ne iing jong ki ban lait na ki jingmynsaw. Ki nongtan bording ki dei ban pynthikna ba ki tiar elektrik ba la pyndait ha ki pud iing jong ki, ki dei hapoh ka jingkhmih jong ki bad kim dei ban pynsniew ban lait na ki jingmynsaw.
>Baroh ki rukom ring bording (wiring) hapoh iing dei ban pyndonkam da ki tiar kiba biang jingthew bording bad ia ki MCB ne cutout dei ban buh da kiba bha khnang ba kin lip lada thut ki tiar pyndait elektrik hapoh iing.
>Baroh ki jaka buh mashin sam bording elektrik dei ban da ker kynroh bad pyndait sainar shiah ban iada na ka jingrung kulmar ki khynnah ki riew paidbah ne ki mrad.
>Dei ban pyndonkam da ki sainar jar haduh ha bording ba 33,000 volt kum ka jingiada ban nym hap ki sainar elektrik ha ki bording ba iapher ba iaid marjan ne najrong uwei ia uwei pat dei ban buh jingiada kum kynjar jar nar khnang ban lait na kaba tyngkhuh para sainar elektrik lada dkut.
>Dei ban kyllain sainar shiah ia ki nar elektrik (electric pole) haduh khyndai phut na khyndew khnang ba ki khynnah kin nym ioh lad ban kiew, khamtam eh ha ki jaka nongkyndong.
>Ki trai kiba pyndonkam ne buh generator/ne pynmih elektrik ba 9.5 KVA shaneng dei ban shim jingbit na u Electrical Inspector shuwa ban pyntreikam. Lah ban shah pynshitom lada khlem ioh jingbit.
>Ym dei ban bteng ia u sainar elektrik palat ia ka shisien hapdeng artylli ki nar pynieng elektrik.
>Ki sainar elektrik ba tan na u juh u nar pynieng elektrik (pole) ha ki jong ki bording (voltage) hap ban buh jar nar ban iada na ka jingiatyngkhuh para sainar elektrik lada jia ba dkut.
>Pyndonkam da ki jri (rubber insulation mat) bym par bording ban siang ha madan jong ki jaka peit eletrik(control room) substeshon ban iada na ka jingpar ka bording elektrik ha ka por ba pynmeh ne pynlip bording.
>Baroh ki nongtrei bording ba la ithuh da ka Sorkar ki dei ban trei kam bording da kaba pyndonkam da ki tiar iada jingmynsaw katkum ba la kdew ha ki kyndon jong ka Ain Elektrik.
>Baroh ki pipe um ba tan sha ki iing kim dei ban tyngkhuh bad ki nar elektrik(electric pole) namar lada don jingthut ki tiar the sainar (insulator) ka bording elektrik kan pur (leak) shapoh iing bad kane kan wanrah ia ka jingma bad jingmynsaw ia ki briew hapoh kata ka iing.
>Baroh kiba pyndonkam ia ki inverter /UPS/generator ki dei ban buh jingiada ban nym pur kylla (back flow) ka ding elektrik sha ki sainar jong ka MeECL namar kane kan wanrah ka jingshahbat elektrik bad pynmynsaw ia ki nongtrei ka MeECL ha ka por ba ki trei kam ha kito ki sainar jong kata ka jaka. Ka MeECL ka lah ban phah ot bording kum ia kita ki iing katkum ki kyndon Ain bad sa pyntip sha u Electrical Inspector.
>Dei ban phah peit bniah shisien shisnem ia ki PVC ba tan light hapoh iing ban tip ba ki long ne em kiba dang bha khamtam ia ka earthing. Phi lah ban thoh sha ka ophis jong ka Inspectorate of Electricity ba kin wan peit ne thew ban thikna ba ki dang bha. Kane ka ophis ka shim bai khmih ha ka dor kaba duna.
>Donkam ban peit bniah katkum ki jingthew ia ki jaka sam bording shisien san snem katkum ki kyndon ka Ain ban iada na kino kino ki jingthut kaba lah ban mih jingmynsaw.
>Ki PVC/switch /MCB tan elektrik hapoh iing dei ban pyndonkam da ki tiar ba don ka muhor ISI khnang ban iada na ki jingma, jingmynsaw bad pluh ka iing lada um ki PVC.
>Ki iing kiba don ha kynjang lum ne kiba jrong ki dei ban buh lightning conductor ha kliar tam eh jong ka iing khnang ba lada pom ka leilieh kan ngam/hiar sha khyndew.
>Kiar ban plie TV, ne ki kor elektrik ha ka por ba jur leilieh bad eriong namar ki lah ban sniew ba kiew syndet ka bording kaba lah ban pynjulor ia ki.
>Lada don ka jingshah bat elektrik hapoh iing, wat nym ktah ia ka tiar ne ia u/ka briew ba shah bat elektrik hynrei pynlip wut wut ia ka elektrik na u switch ne MCB sa ktah ia ka tiar ne weng ia u/ka briew na kaba Shahbat elektrik hynrei pynlip wut wut ia ka elektrik na u swith ne MCB sa ktah ia ka tiar ne weng ia u/ka briew na kaba shahbat elektrik. Pyntip mardor sha ki nongtrei ka MeECL bad sha u Electoral Inspector. Hadien ba la eng ia u ne ka briew ba shah bat elektrik lada um pat tip briew, rah wut wut sha hospital ne pynkut wut wut da ki ambulance ban ioh jingsumar. Tang kiba nang ban ai jingiarap (first aid) ki lah ban iarap kyrkieh ba un ioh ringmynsiem (resuscitation) ne tipbriew biang.
>Lada don ki briew ne mrad ba shah bat elektrik ha ki bording ba khlain bor, wat leit iarap ne tur shajan khlem da tip namar lah ban shah bat lang bad poi sha ka jingmynsaw. Dei ban ieng kumba 18 mitar ne tam na u sainar elektrik. Pyntip wut wut sha ki bor ka MeECL ban pynlip ia ka bording elektrik jong kata ka jaka. Pyntip ruh ia ki ambulance ban ioh lad ban ai jingsumar ia uba shah bat bording. Ki briew kiba pule bad tip shaphang ka bording elektrik ki lah ban ai jingiarap da kaba pyndonkam da ki tiar bym lah ban par elektrick kum ki hookstick ban weng ia u ba shah bat elektrik. Nangta sa pyntip sha ki bor pulit bad sha u Electrical Inspector.
>BUD RYNTIH IA KI JINGHIKAI BAN IADA NA KA JINGMA JONG KA ELEKTRIK……
IM SUK KYNJAI
La pynmih na ka bynta ka jingbha bad jingbiang jong ki paidbah da u Senior Electrical Inspector, Inspectorate of Electricity. Lachmumiere, Meghalaya Shillong.
Senior Electrical Inspector
Inspector of Electricity
