Leba Lamin
Ha ka jingiaid lynti kum ka jaitbynriew Hynñiewtrep naduh ba sdang kynthong jong kane ka pyrthei ngi tip shai ba ngi long kawei ka jaitbynriew kumba ka jingrwai ba la rwai da u Bah E Brektis Roy Wanswett u Khynriam, u Pnar, u Bhoi, u War, ngi dei u paid khasi ba ïar. Kynthup lang u khasi Maram bad khasi Lyngngam, Lada ngi phai khyndiat shaphang ka jing iaid lynti jong ka jaitbynriew Hynñiewtrep naduh ka por ba ka jingsynshar Hima ka dang khlaiñ bad ka dang ia tylli mlon kawei ban pynlong ia kane ka Ri Hynñiewtrep. Hooid, lada ngin kyrtiang dien khyndiat sha ka mynnor kaba la leit noh naduh u snem 1835, bad balei ngi hap ban da kren bha naduh une u snem namar ba dei ha une hi u snem ba ki phareng ki la sdang knieh noh ia ka bor synshar khamtam hapoh ka Hima Sutnga (Jaiñtia) bad nalor kata ki la sdang ruh ban pyntrei kam ia ka buit pharia bad pynpait jaitbynriew. Ki phareng kum ki nongsynshar mynder ki la pyn treikam da kane ka buit phiah bad synshar bad dei ruh lehse naduh kane ka por ka la rung ha ki jingmut jing pyrkhat jong ki katto katto ki para doh ki para snam jong ngi namar ioh lehse kim pyn shitom ialade ban wad iala ka tynrai bad ka thymmei jong ka jinglong kawei ka jaitbynriew. Ha ka por ba u Syiem Rajendra Singh u long u Syiem jong ka Hima Jaiñtiapur, bad dei ruh ha kane hi ka juh ka snem ba ki phareng ki la knieh noh ia ka Jayanta Pargana bad ka Gobha bad ki la pyniasoh (Merged) ia kine ki jaka kawei bad ka Sylhet bad kawei pat bad ka Nowgong. Bad ki la ieh tang ia ki bynta ba long lum (Hill Area) jong ka Hima Jaiñtiapur ba un synshar u Syiem Rajendra Singh bad une um treh bad ki phareng ki la pynlong British Area syndon ia ka Hima Jaiñtiapur baroh kawei. Te hangne ngi sngewthuh ba ki phareng kum ki Nongsynshar mynder ki la pyndonkam da kata ka buit phiah bad synshar (divide et impera policy) bad dei lyngba kane ka buit pharia jaitbynriew jong ki la pyrshang ban pynsngewthuh bakla ha ngi ki khun ki ksiew jong u Hynñiewtrep bad khamtam eh ha kito ki jaka ba ki ioh ban synshar la pynrung ia kane ka rukom pyrkhat kaba sniew bad la iohi ba tad haduh mynta dang don hi katto katne ki bym pat sngewthuh ba ngi ialong kawei ka jaitbynriew khasi ha Khmat ka ri India baïar. Namar ha kum kane ka por ba kum ka jaitbynriew Hynñiewtrep ka ia khih ia ksaid na ka bynta ban ioh ia ka hok kaba shongnia kaba ngi dei ban ioh ha kaba ia dei bad ka thung kam thung jam bad kiwei kiwei de ki hok kiba ngi dei ban ioh kum ka jaitbynriew Hynrei kyndit kynsan ka mih pyn ban ka sur na ki katto katne ki Riew Rangbah ban dawa noh la ka jong ka bhah na ka bynta ka jaintia. Lada ka mih kaba kum kane ka sur na ki katto katne ki briew ka lah ban ialam bakla ia ka jaitbynriew lehse ki sngew ba ngi ia pher, ngim beiñ ne kynthoh iano iano hynrei lehse ioh kim pat tip bha ia ka thymmei jong ka jaitbynriew Hynñiewtrep. Ka kyrteng jaintia kam thew ia ka jinglong jaitbynriew hynrei ka thew ia ka jaka bad ha ki por ba kham mynshwa la ju khot ruh ka Hima Sutnga bad ha kane ka Hima la shong la sah da ki khasi (pnar) na sha ki thaiñ ba long them pat la shong da ki khasi (war) takadaw ngi sngewthuh ba ka kyntien jaintia ka mut ne thew ia ka jaka bad ngi long beit kawei ka jaitbynriew. Namar ngi don ka kur kaba tehsong ia ngi la ngi shong ngi sah ha la ka jong ka jong ka jaka Hima ne Elaka bad ngi dang don ka jingia dei kur bad ka jing-iateh kur na kawei ka Hima sha kawei pat ka Hima. Lada ngi sngew ba la la ka Hima ngi kheiñ la la ka jong ka Ri bad la la ka kur ngi kheiñ la la ka jong ka jaitbynriew te hangta lah klumar bad kan mih shibun ki ri bad Shi bun ki jaitbynriew Hapoh ka Bri Hynñiewtrep hynrei kam long pat kumta ngi dang ia teh kur ngi tip ia ka kheiñ kur kheiñ kha takadaw ngi long Beit kawei ka jaitbynriew Hynñiewtrep. Hapoh ka bri jong u Hynñiewtrep ngi don shibun ki Hima bad ki Elaka naduh ki por barim bajah bad ngin add lang ia kine ki Hima ngi ioh ia ka Ri khasi bad hapoh ka Bri Hynñiewtrep ngi don ruh shibun ki kur ki jait bad ngin add lang ia kine ki kur ngin ioh ia ka jaitbynriew Hynñiewtrep. Te na kata ka daw ngim dei ban sngewthuh bakla ba lada ngi ong ba la la ka jong ka Hima ne Elaka ngin kheiñ la la ka jong ka Ri te katno tylli shuh ngin don Ri ha poh ka Bri Hynñiewtrep ? Bad hapoh ka bri jong u Hynñiewtrep ki don shibun ki kur ki jait bad lada ngi kheiñ ba kita ki kur kiba pher ba pher ngin kheiñ noh ba ki ia pher te katno tylli yn don jaitbynriew hapoh ka Bri Hynñiewtrep ? Te ngin add lang ia kine ki kur ki jait ngin ioh ia ka jaitbynriew Khasi. U Dr. Homiwell Lyngdoh Nonglait ha ka jinglamphrang ha ka kot jong u ka ‘Niam khasi’ u ong ka kyrteng khasi ka kynthup ia ki khasi baroh ki khasi pnar ki khasi war ki khasi Maram ki khasi khynriam ki khasi Bhoi ki khasi Lyngngam. Ka jingwan jong ka sorkar phareng bad ka jingioh jong ka ban tuklar ia ka synshar ka Khadar hapoh ki Hima khasi ka la pynsamakariang ia kaei kaei kaba bha ba la buh la seng u longshwa u manshwa. Ka iktiar bad ka kyrdan jong ki bakhraw bad jong ki khun ki Hajar jong ki Hima khasi ha ki por synshar phareng ka la nang hiar nang hiar. Ka subsidiary Alliance System ka la wanrah bun kiei kiei kiba sniew bad ki kynrum kynram ha ka synshar ka Khadar. Hapoh ka Bri Hynñiewtrep don bun tylii ki Hima kumba ka kdew sha khmat te ka ri jong ngi ha ka por jong u Dr. John Roberts ka la don hapoh ka jingsynshar jong ki phareng u Dr. John Roberts u dei u briew jong ka Welsh Mission ka ioh ban trei ha ka ri jong ngi da ka jing ai jing bit da ka sorkar phareng. Ha ka por ba u Dr. John Roberts u don ha ka ri jong ngi ia ka ri jong ngi la bynta ha ki ar bynta ba la tip kawei kum ka British India ne British Area bad ia kawei pat kum ka Indian Native State haba shu kren kyllum kawei na ki indian state kaba heh kadei ka Hima Jaintia Kaba la ioh ban long British India naduh ka snem 1835. La pynduh ia ka jinglong Syiem hapoh ka Hima Jaintia da ki phareng bad la pynneh tang ia ki Daloi, wat la ym don Syiem shuh hapoh Hima Jaintia namar ba ka la kyllaBritish Area pynban u Dr. John Roberts u sngew ba ka Hima Jaintia ka don hi hapoh ka jylli jong kawei kajuh ka jaitbynriew. Niuma u la lah ban pynpaw ha ki kyntien kiba mar ia sdang ka jingrwai ieit ri(khasi Anthem)’Ri khasi Ri khasi nga ieit ia pha. U Dr. John Roberts um pdiang ba don ar tylli ki Ri hynrei tang kawei bad kumta um shem pyndonkam ia ki kyntien Ri khasi Ri jaintia nga ieit ia phi. Ka paw shai ba ka kyntien Ri khasi ka kynthup ia ki Hima baroh kiba dei na kajuh kawei ka jaitbynriew. Haoid ym lah ban Len u Dr. John Roberts u la pynpaw ba don ar jait ki rukom synshar ha kato ka por hynrei ym lah khlem peit na kawei pat ka liang ia ka jingskhem jingmut jong u Dr. John Roberts uba pynpaw ba ka ri bad ka jaitbynriew kadei ka juh bad tang kawei.Ka rukom pyndonkam ia ka ktien” War” lane “Pnar” lane Bhoi te ka kham thew ia ki thaiñ kiba don jingiasoh bad ka Geography ha ka liang ka physical features ka shu long ka rukom kren ba ia kiba wan na thaiñ war la shu khot war ia kiba wan na thaiñ pnar la khot pnar ia kiba wan na thaiñ Bhoi la shu khot Bhoi kam mut ba war ne Pnar ne Bhoi ka dei ka kyrteng jong ka jaitbynriew. Kum ban shu ai nuksa ki don ki jait laloo kiba shong ha pnar ki jait Lamin ha war bad ki Diengdoh ha kiwei pat ki jaka kum ha khyrim ne ha kiwei kiwei pat ki Hima kine baroh lai ki ia dei shikur ki mih na kajuh ka iaw bei ki dang ia teh kur te haba ia dei shikur kam lah long ba kin ia long la ka jong ka jaitbynriew. U Nong rwai u rwai Hapoh ka Bri u Hynñiewtrep, Tal wiar u sohpetbneng, ngi dei ki khun u Hynñiewtrep. Tang kawei ka kyrteng. ki Hima ki bun, jaitbynriew tang kawei Nongkhlaw lane khadsawphra, khyrim lane Nongkrem, Jaintia lane Sutnga ki dei tang ki kyrteng jong ki Hima hapoh ka Bri Jong u Hynñiewtrep Talawiar u Sohpetbneng ka ri shnongpdeng pyrthei. Halor kitei ki mat bad ki pung ba la kdew kaba donkam ka long la ngi pdiang ne em ba ngi long kajuh kawei ka jaitbynriew ? U Rev Dr. John Roberts bad u Rev G. Angel Jones ki la thaw ia ki jingrwai ba ia dei na ka bynta ka Ri, u Rev Dr John Roberts u la thaw ia kato ka jingrwai Ri khasi Ri khasi nga ieit ia pha. Bad u Rev G. Angel Jones u la thaw ia ka to ka jingrwai “Kynmaw Trai ia ka Ri Khasi” ym don jing artatien ba baroh arngut ki mut ia ka Ri khasi hi ha ki jingkit bad jingmut ba iar jong ka. Lada u Rev G Angel Jones u sngew ba don ar ki jaitbynriew hapoh ka Bri u Hynñiewtrep um jin da la thaw ia kato ka jingrwai Kynmaw trai ia ka Ri khasi hynrei kan long noh da kum Wei pat. Kan lah ban long noh ha kane ka rukom kynmaw Trai ia ka Ri khasi Jaintia Tangba hynrei u Rev G Angel Jones u sngewthuh ba ngi long kawei ka Ri kawei ka jaitbynriew. Ha ki por synshar phareng namar ki jing jia bapher bapher don na ki Hima Khasi” kiba la pynsah kum ki khasi state bad don ruh kiba la pyn kylla British Areas. Hynrei kane ka jingleh jong ki phareng kaba don jingiasnoh bad ka buit synshar jong ki ba la tip kum ka “Divide and rule Policy” kam teh ia ki khasi States bad ia ki British Areas ba kin hap ban sngew ba ki ia pher kum ka jaitbynriew. Ka pynkynmaw ia ka statement kaba 5 Tarik July 1947 jong u Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel bad ha kawei ka bynta jong katei ka statement la thoh kumne:-
This country with its institutions is a proud heritage of the people who inhabit it. it is an accident that some live in the states and some in the British India, but all alike partake of it’s culture and character. We are knit together by bonds of blood and feelings no less than of self interest. None can segregate us into segments no impassible barriers can be set up between us. Bad shuh shuh ruh ka la don kawei ka jing jia ba ha kito ki snem hynriew phew lai bad hynriew phew saw la pynkha ia ka Autonomous District thymmai na ka United Khasi- jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council ba la tip kyrteng kum ka Jowai Autonomous District katkum ka notification No. TAD/R/50/64 dated the 23rd November 1964 published in the Assam Gazette, Extraordinary, No. 61, Monday November 23rd, 1964, Tuesday, November 24 1964. Te ha ka snem 1973 ia ka kyrteng United Khasi-jaintia Hills Autonomous District bad ka Jowai Autonomous District la pyn kylla bad ia kawei la tip kum ka Khasi Hills Autonomous District Council bad kawei pat la tip kum ka Jaintia Hills Autonomous District Council vide Notification No. DCA. 31/72/11 Dated the 14th June 1973 published in the Gazette of Meghalaya part VA, june 23, 1973, p 200. Wat la ngi la iohi ba na kawei ka por Sha kawei pat ka por la phiah ia ka rukom synshar Khadar te hynrei kam mut pat ba ngi ia pher iwei ia iwei lehse ka lah ban long kadaw na ka bynta ban pyn kham suk ha ka rukom treikam. Na kata ka daw u Mr. Edwingson Bareh u la ai case hapoh Guahati High court ban challenge ia ka validity jong ka Notification No. TAD/R/50/64 dated the 23rd November 1964 (Ref: Civil Rule No. 280 of 1964 and Civil Rule 303 of 1964) and appeal was filed by Edwingson Bareh in Supreme Court against the judgement of the High Court (Ref Civil : Appeal No. 968 of 1965) the judgement of the supreme court maybe seen in the AIR 1966 Supreme Court 1220 ( V53 C 237 ) U Mr, Edwingson Bareh ha ka petition bad ka appeal jong u, bad kaba long ruh kum ka Nongrim kaba skhem kaba sakhi ba ngi long kawei ka jaitbynriew la ka dei ha khmat jong ka ing kashari la ka dei ha khmat jong u briew ne u Blei ngi khlem ia pher ngi dei hi ki khun ki ksiew u Hynñiewtrep Talawiar u Sohpetbneng ka Ri shongpdeng pyrthei. Bad ha kata ka petition bad ka appeal jong u Mr, Edwingson Bareh la thoh ha ka ktien phareng kaba Ong kumne ” That the people inhabiting the territory comprised within the United Khasi-jaintia Hills District are ethnically, racially, culturally, economically, and by tradition are one and the same people. When the British subjugated and annexed the territory they divided it into different units for administrative conveniences, but the people of the said area continued to remain united and maintained the existing closest relationship. La don ruh ki jingbatai ba ym lah ban wallam ia ki British Areas hapoh ki “States” kine ki jingbatai ki long kiba bakla ki bym don Nongrim namar ha ka section thymmai ba la pyn mih ha dien ka 15 tarik August 1947 (section 290-B jong ka Government of India Act, 1935) lah ban leh ia kata bad la leh kat kum ba paw na ka ” Provinces and States (Absorption of Enclaves Order, 1950 ba la pyn mih da u Governor General of India.
Na kata ka daw da lei lei ruh ngim dei ban ailad ba kane ka jing pyrkhat mynder kan ioh ban shong tynrai ha ki jingmut ki jingpyrkhat jong ngi ha man la u Wei pa u Wei u dkhot jong ka jaitbynriew.Hapoh ka Bri u Hynñiewtrep Talawiar u Sohpetbneng ngi dei ki khun u Hynñiewtrep tang kawei ka kyrteng. Hima Maram, jaintia, Shella, khyrim, Mawiang, Sohra, bad kiwei de la ki kyrteng, Talwiar u sohpetbneng.Na Thangbuli, Iongpiah, Malki, bad haduh Pyndengrei don bun seng Niam, kur, bad Hima jaitbynriew tang kawei.
