(Ïa ka Meghalaya la tip kum ka Nongbah Jharu jong ka Ri India!!!)
Bah K.D. Kharkongor
Hato ka pyrthei kan lah ban pynbiang bam ïa ka jingbun briew ka ban kot sha ka 9 billion ngut kat haduh u snem 2050? (Can earth provide enough food for 9b people?) Ïa kane ka jingkylli kaba jwat bad ktha khlieh ban ïoh jubab la ïoh pule ha ka kot khubor The Times of India (23.04.08). Hangne la ïathuh ba ka jingbun briew ha ka pyrthei ka kot sha ka 78 million ngut ha man la u snem bad kane ka la pynpisa bad pynlynga ïa ki ‘riew-wad-bniah ki ‘riew-tih-bniah (experts/researchers) namar kan wan rah ïa ka jingduna bam ba shyrkhei (food shortage ne food crisis). Kine ki ‘riew shemphang ki batai ba lada kyrkieh kyrkieh ngin ym shim khia ban pyrkhat ïa kane ka jingkyrduh bam, shen ka pyrthei shityllup kan mad tang ïa ki jingïaleh bad jingïakhih ba bun rukom ki ban ktah ïa ka shongsuk shongsaiñ ka imlang ka sahlang (social unrest, food riots, political instability, famine and more failed states). Ka khanasamari jong u snem 2001 ka ïathuh ba ha Meghalaya ka jingbunbriew ka long 23.19 lak ngut hynrei ha u 2011 kane ka jingbunbriew ka la kynjoh sha ka 29.64 lak. Kat haduh u snem 2017 ka jingbunbriew ka la palat ïa ka 34 lak (3.47 million eiei) kaba mut ba ha ki 16 snem ba la leit la kha roi haduh kumba 11.5 lak ngut ki nongshong shnong. Kane ka jingbunbriew kat ban poi ka khanasamari jong u 2021 hato kan ym kynjoh sha ka 40 lak?
Ym lah ban len ba ka thung synsar ka dei kaba la wan rah pisa shibun ïa kito kiba thung ïa u ha ki por ba u heh dor ha ki ïew ki hat (jingkyrkhu) hynrei kaba pynsngewsih pat ïa shibun ki nongthung ha ki por ba u hiar dor (jingkyrduh). U synsar u dei uwei na ki jingthung uba khlaiñ bor palat ban kjit ïa ki jingbam napoh khyndew haba ïa nujor bad kiwei pat ki jingthung kum u kba, u riewhadem, ki jhur, ki diengsoh, u sying, u shynrai, u slasha, ka kait, ka shriew bad kiwei kiwei pat ki marrep. Ïa kane lah ban sakhi ne pynshisha da kaba bishar bniah ïa ka jinglong jingman ne jinglong sboh ka khyndew shwa ban thung ïa u bad hadien katto katne snem ba la dep thung ïa u.
Ka khyndew kaba sboh ban rep ïa bun jait ki marbam ka kylla long kum ka ‘dew-maw ‘dew-ksang bad ka ring tyrkhong ring swai shisien ba la thung synsar. Kane ka khyndew ba kan long biang kaba bit ban rep ban riang kan shim por bun bun snem namar ka jinglyngki bad jingtyrkhong jong ka. La ju ïohi ruh ha kiba bun ki jaka thung synsar ïa ka jingpdang bad jingorpait ka khyndew khamtam ha kito ki jaka ba kham long riat bad ba kham sharing (steep slopes). Haba ka long kumne, ha ki por slap ne ki bnai lyiur ka um slap ka ïoh ban ksam lyngba kine ki jingpdang ne jingorpait bad suki suki kane ka wan rah ïa ka jingtwa ba kynsan kynsan ki lum synsar (land slide). Ha ki lum synsar la ju lap ruh ba ka khnai bad u dkhied ki ju wan bam ïa ki thied synsar da kaba khlong thliew bad shna krem shapoh khyndew. Suki suki kine ki thliew ki syar ki pyngshong synjor ne pyngshong kynrong ïa ka khyndew bad ki wan rah pat ïa ka jingtwa ba khah khah ki lum synsar. Ïa kane ka jingshisha la lap bad mad da kiba bun ki nongthung synsar. 2
Shuh shuh, ka long kaba sngewsih ban ïohi ba ka jylla jong ngi wat la ka ïoh pahuh ïa ka um slap ha man ki bnai lyiur pynban kane ka um ka shu tuid leh-noh-ei ne tuid sepei sha ki jaka them ne jaka thor (Bangladesh) namar ba kam lah satia ban ngam ne ksam shapoh khyndew na ka daw ba la kylla long ‘dew-eh ‘dew-maw ki lum synsar (syriem thik kumba long ki lum kseh ba dap kyrhai da ki diengkseh). Tang shu rang u slap, la lap ba ka lum synsar ka shong tyrkhong kumjuh watla jur u slap katno katno ruh. La ju ïohi ruh ba ki pynthor kba kiba don harud ki lum synsar ki mad ïa ka jingkyrduh um wat ha ka lyiur bah bad ka jingmih kba ha kum kine ki jaka ka long kaba duna shibun. Bun na kine ki pynthor la hap ban shu ieh shrah noh mynta. Sa kawei ka jingeh kaba la ktah haduh katta katta na ka thung synsar ka long ba kiba bun ki diengsoh diengkwai ne ki tynrai tympew bad sohmrit ki la sdang ïapstai ïapsti ha ki bnai rang ki bnai tlang (naduh u September-October ter ter) na ka daw ka jingtyrkhong um shaba palat jong ka khyndew (moisture stress). Ïa kane ka jingshisha la sakhi ym tang da ki stad ka rep ka riang kiba dei peit sha ki thaiñ ka Block Pynursla hynrei kumjuh da ki nongrep ka shnong Nongtyngur, Wahkdait bad ki khap shnong ba marjan kumjuh ruh ki nongrep jong kiba bun ki shnong ha Ri-Bhoi.
Haba phai pat sha ka liang ka jingpynmih ïa ki marbam la ïohi ba ka Jylla jong ngi kam pat long kaba la biang lade bad kane ka thong kan nang jngai namar kine ki mat ba la kdew harum :-
1.Ka jingkha roi ki briew kan nang pynduna ïa ki jaka ban rep ban riang bad kan don ka jingdawa ne jingdonkam ba kham bun shah ïa ki marbam marrep, ïa ka umbam umdih ryngkat ka umrep umriang kaba pahuh bad ba kyrhai. Kane ka kynthup ruh ïa ka umsum umsleh ryngkat ka umsait umkhlieng.
2.Haba thung synsar donkam ban mait bad pynkhuid pynsyllen ïa ki khlaw ki btap kiba long ki tyllong um ne ki jaka ba bat bad kynshew ïa ka dewsboh ryngkat ka umslap bad kiba dei ruh ki jaka shong jaka sah jong ki mrad ki mreng bad ki sim ki doh. Ha ki jaka ba hapoh 800 meter ka kynjang na sla duriaw (jaka ba kham syaid) jong ka Ri-Bhoi, East Khasi Hills, West Khasi Hills bad Jaintia Hills District, ïa ki pynthor kba lah ban pyndonkam baroh shisnem lynter ïa kaba la tip kum ka Multi Cropping. Hadien u kba lyiur lah ban pynbud da u kba pyrem lane da u sohsaw, u phan, u kubi, u salad, u sohmynken bad kiwei kiwei ki jait jhur. Hynrei mynta ha kiba bun ki jaka kam long shuh kumta namar ka jingsyllen bad jingtyrkhong shaba palat jong ki tyllong kiba bsa um ïa kine ki pynthor na ka daw ba la dap bad shlei tang da u synsar. Haba ngi dang duna ha ka jingpynmih ïa la ki marbam, ka pisa ban thied ïa kita ki bam kan tuid shabar ka jylla bad kane kan nang pynduk, pynhiran bad pyntlot shuh shuh ïa ki ïew ki hat ka jylla. Ki riewshemphang ki ju ong ba ka jaidbynriew kaba dang hap ban shaniah bam na kiwei pat ki Ri ne Jylla, kata ka jaidbynriew kan ïai kyrduh bad shiryta yn ym don jingshngaiñ ïa ki khun ki ksiew bad ki pateng ki pakit.
3.Haba syllen ki khlaw ki btap kan don ka jingkharoi ki khñiang ba pher ba pher ki ban pynjulor ïa ka rep ka riang bad kane kan wanrah shibun ki jingeh ïa ki nongrep namar kin hap ïada ïa ki jingthung da ki dawai khñiang kiba rem dor, kiba khlaiñ bor bad kiba long bih (poisonous insecticides) bad kane pat kan ktah ym tang ïa ka pla tyngka ki nongrep hynrei kumjuh ïa ka koit ka khiah bad ïa baroh ki jingim kiba don ha sla ka Mei Mariang. Ïa ki khñiang ba pynjulor ïa ki jingthung bunsien la ju ïarap ban pynduna ïa ka jingroi jong ki da ki jait sim bapher bapher kiba ju bam ïa ki, hynrei kine ruh ki lah duna bad krih sha jngai (migrated) namar ka jingstang bad jingduna ki khlaw kiba long ki jaka shong ki jaka sah. Haba duna ki khlaw ki btab, ka jingshit jingkhluit ka Mariang kan nang kiew bad ki jingpang ba bun jait kin kloi ban roi bad ban sar ïa ki longïing ki longsem. Ka jingkhluit ne jingshit bad ka jinglhop ka Mariang ki dei ki ar tylli ki daw bah kiba ïarap ban pynroi ïa ki jingpang ba bun jait. Ïa kane ka jingshisha baroh ngin sakhi lada ngin kynmaw kumno ki jaka ai jingsumar (hospitals/health centers) ha ki bnai tlang ki thylli ne duna nongpang bad kumno pat ki nongpang ki pynshlei bad pynkhapngiah ïa ki hospital ha ki bnai lyiur ne ki bnai shit.
4.Ha kine ki sngi la ïohi ba ki nongrep ka Ri Bhoi District kumjuh ha East Khasi Hills (thaiñ Khatar shnong) kiba ju rep shyrti ïa u Kba, Krai, Phan ne ka Shriew kim ju ieh shrah shuh ïa kato ka jaka ba ki shyrti ba kan kylla ne shong sboh biang hynrei ha u snem uba bud ki thung pynban da u Synsar kum u jingthung u ban neh bun bun snem (permanent plant) bad kane kala wanrah jingeh shibun ïa ki nongrep kiba marjan namar ba la ring tyrkhong sa ka jaka rep jong ki ruh. Kine ki mat ba la kdew haneng ki long tang khyndiat eh ki daw kiba khang lad ïa ka Jylla jong ngi ban nang kiew irat ha ka rep ka riang bad ba kan long ka Jylla kaba biang lade (self sufficient) ha ka jingpynmih ïa la ki marbam. Ban pynlyngkot, ka thung synsar ka wan rah ïa kine ki jingeh harum
(jingkyrduh):-
1.Ka jingkynshew ïa ka umbam umdih bad umrep umriang (water conservation/rain water harvesting) ka ring bad nang ïai ring swai namar ka khyndew ka tyrkhong raw-raw bad kylla dew-maw dew-ksang. Haba long kumne ka um slap kan ym lah ban ngam ne ksam shapoh khydew hynrei kan shu tuid sep ei sha ki jaka riat ne ki jaka them.
2.Lada ka jingmih u synsar ka lah duna (hadien 10 snem ei ei), kan don ka jingeh ban leit rep da kiwei pat ki marrep ha kito ki lum synsar namar ba lah lyngki bad ring tyrkhong ka khyndew. Kane kan wanrah ïa ka lanot bad jingjynjar ki khun ki kti ryngkat ki pateng ki ban wan.
Ka long pat ka khubor kaba sngewtynnad haba ïohsngew na ki katto katne ngut ki nongthung synsar jong ka shnong Sonidan, Ïam-Khon, Mawkani, Marngar bad ka shnong Umtrai jong ka Ri-Bhoi District (Mawhati bad Nongpoh Konstitwensi) haba ki ong “ba ka la dei ka por ïa ngi ban randien bad phaidien noh na ka thung synsar namar ha kine ki 15–20 snem ba la leit ngi la mad ïa shibun ki jingeh.” Haba ïa phylliew jingmut kham bniah bad kine ki nongrep ki pynpaw ba mynta ki thrang dik dik ban phai noh sha ka rep soh rep kwai bad ban rep ruh ïa kiwei kiwei ki marrep ki ban pynneh pynsah ïa ka jinglong sboh ka khyndew bad ki ong ruh ba ki kwah ban pynneh pynbha ïa ki pynthor kba jong ki da kaba tyngkai ban ri bad sumar ïa ki khlaw ki btab kiba ju bsa um ha baroh ki saw aïom.
Hooid, wat la u synsar u long u jingthung uba kyrshan pisa ïa kiba bun ki longïing hynrei ka long pat kaba donkam ïa ki nongthung synsar ban peit bad bishar bniah ïa ka jinglong jingman ka lum synsar bad ka jinglong sboh ka khyndew namar ki khun ki ksiew bad ki pateng jong ki ruh kin donkam ïa ka khyndew ym tang kaba sboh hynrei kaba shong sngem ruh. Mynta, ka jingkyrduh umbam umdih ha kito ki thaiñ ba khlaiñ ka thung synsar ka la pynkhuslai bad pynpisa lynga ym tang ïa ki nongthung synsar hynrei wat ïa ki bym thung ruh. Ïa u synsar dei ban leit thung tang ha ki rai-eh ki rai-dam, ha ki jaka shrah ne ki synrang maw (waste lands) bad sha jngai bah na ki jaka rep kiba sboh bad ba seisoh bad kumjuh ruh sha jngai bah na ki shnong ki thaw. Ym ju dei ruh ban thung ha ki bynta ba shajrong ne shaneng jong ki bri soh ki bri kwai hynrei tang sha trai ne sha them sha kjat jong ki.
Katno ka long kaba sngew lehraiñ haduh katta haba ïoh pule ïa kawei ka jingthoh u Avirook Sen kaba la shon ha ka makasin jong ka India Today kaba la mih ha ka 14 tarik u bnai Rymphang jong u snem 2000 kaba la ai kyrteng “Sweep Stakes” Hangne la ïathuh ba ki nongkhaïi synsar ki ong ba ka Meghalaya ka dei ka Nongbah Synsar jong ka ri India (….traders confidently make the sweeping statement that Meghalaya is easily the jharu capital of India!!!) Shuh shuh la ïathuh ba manla u snem u Kailash Agarwal uba dei u nongkhaïi uba na Kolkatta u ju wan thied Synsar na Ri-Bhoi namar ka dor synsar ka dei kaba tad tam!!! (Every year, broom trader Kailash Agarwal travels to the state’s Ri-Bhoi district from Calcutta to cash in “We come here because there is huge production of broom grass and the rates are the best,” he says..……)
Kawei na ki artikil u Bah M.H.Mohrmen ba la ïoh pule ha ka kotkhubor u Mawphor ka la ktik shisha shisha ïa ki jingmut ki jingpyrkhat haba u kynthoh bad pynkynmaw ïa ngi baroh da kaba ong “ngi dei ban kynmaw ba kane ka pyrthei kaba ngi shong ngi sah kam dei satia kaba ngi ïoh pateng na la i Mei i Pa hynrei ka dei kaba ngi shu shim kylliang ne pan kylliang na la ki khun ki kti bad ha kawei ka sngi ngin hap ban aiti bad pynphai biang sha ki.” Dei hangne keiñ ba ka la dei ka por ïa ngi baroh ban puson bad pyrkhat sani “kaba kumno keiñ kata ka pyrthei ngin aiti sha la ki baieid ki bathoiñ, kiba kumno pat ki pynthor ki hali ne ki kper ki phrah ngin pynphai bad aiti sha ki? ………..hato ngin aiti da ki pynthor shrah bad ki kper lyngki? …………da ki lum syllen ki lum tyrkhong kiba dap kiba shlei tang da u maw u shyiap………..ne da ei?”
Haba kylli ïa u Ma Rishon Shylla uba shong ba sah ha ka shnong Mawdkhar jong ka thaiñ Umtasor (Ri-Bhoi District) kumba 18 snem mynshuwa (2000), “balei Ma phi kwah ban rep ïa kita ki soh balensha (valencia) bad soh khantara (sohñiamtra) ki ban shimpor ym duna ïa ka 6-7 snem ban seisoh ne bah soh bad kat haduh kata ka por lehse phin ym lah shuh ban bam ïa ki namar phi la noh tymmen ka `rta?” La kylli kumne ïa u Ma Shylla namar la ïohi ba ka `rta jong u ha kita ki snem ka la palat ïa ka 70 snem shaneng. “Ngan rep ïa kine ki diengsoh khnang ban ïoh bam ki ksiew jong nga” jubab kylla u Ma Rishon da ka khmat ba kmen bad ba phuh samrkhie ! U Ma Shylla um shym ong ngan rep ban bam manga ne ban bam ki khun hynrei u ong ban ïoh bam ki ksiew jong nga ! Ai ngin khmih lynti ba yn sa nang mih shibun ki Ma Rishon Shylla ha kane ka Bri jong ngi.
Ka jubab une u rangbah ka long ka jingsneng jinghikai (moral) ba ngi donkam ban rep kham bun ki marbam ki ban pynhun bad pynkdang ym tang ïa ngi hynrei ïa ki lawei ruh. Kumba la kdew shakhmat shaphang ka jingduna bam ne ka food crisis ha pyrthei, hato ym la dei ka por ïa ngi ban rep kham bun ki marbam khnang ban shngaiñ ka ïng ka sem, ban shngaiñ ka jaitbynriew bad ban shngaiñ ka Jylla kumjuh? Ïa mynta hi u synsar u long ka jingkyrkhu (boon) hynrei ïa ki longdien hato un long ka jingkyrduh ne ka jingtim (bane)?
Shuh shuh kan long kaba bakla shibun ban ong ba ngi REP SYNSAR namar une um dei satia u jingthung uba ngi long ban bam la da kaba shu shet ne da kaba shu bam im ïa u lait noh sa tang lada ngi lah ïa kylla mrad kum ka Blang, Masi ne ka Muid. Ka ktien rep kat kum ka jingbatai ki riewtymmen ka thew beit tang ïa ki jingthung kiba ngi lah ban pynrung sha kpoh jong ngi lyngba ka shyntur. Ïa ka dieng ym ju long bam namarkata ngi ong thung dieng. Kumjuh ïa u synsar ngi dei ban ong THUNG SYNSAR.
Khatduh khatwai ka jinghiardor ne jingkiewdor u Synsar ha ki ïew ki hat kam dei satia namar ka khajna ba ki nongkhaïi (traders) ki hap ban siew sha ka sorkar hynrei dei namar ka jingkhñiotdor (exploitation) hi jong ki nongkhaïi kaba la palat pud ym tang ïa u Synsar hynrei jan ïa baroh ki marbam ba pynmih ki nongrep jong ngi. Tang kum ka nuksa, balei ba bun bunsien ka dor jong u Sying ha ki ïew ki hat ka ju poi ruh tang shityngka ne artyngka shi kilo haba u Sying um dei satia u markhlaw kumba long u Synsar? Kane baroh ka dei tang ka buit sianti jong ki nongkhaïi kiba ju kynshoit nadien nadien ïa ki katto katne ki nongrep jongngi ban kyrpad ïa ka sorkar ban pynbna paidbah ba u SYNSAR UN DEI NOH U MARREP!!! Shisien ba la pynkylla marrep ïa u Synsar ym tang ba ka jingpahuh ban pynmih ïa la ka bam (food security ne self sufficiency) kan nang jngai bad kham jngai shuh shuh hynrei baroh ki mahajon Synsar shu hai re hai bad rymmuiñ rymphuiñ ki lah shu lait ei na U KYNJRI SIEW KHAJNA bad ka pla ïarong jong ka sorkar kan sa nang kham hiran noh khyndiat ne wat shibun ruh.
Ha ka ban pynkut, ai ngin bud ïa ki nuksa ba bha tam jong ki nongshong shnong ka shnong Nongjrong kaba don ha Mawkynrew Block, East Khasi Hills. Ha kane ka shnong (kumba la ïathuh da i bah Brur Nongspung bad i kong Pheda Mukhim) la mana bad khang pyrshah ïa ki nongshong shnong ba da lei lei ruh kim bit ban thung synsar ha ki jaka rep jaka riang hynrei la shah ban thung tang ban pyndonkam ha ka sar ïng sar sem. Lah ban ong hangne ba ki nongshong shnong ka Nongjrong ki long kiba la pyrkhat bad ïohi jngai shisha shisha namar ki khlem ïapeiñ satia ïa ka khyndew kaba sboh bad ka ïew Synsar ka ban pynbiang synsar ïa man ki thliew ïing thliew sem kiba don ha kylleng kylleng ka ri India. Lada ngi ieid shisha shisha ïala ki khun ki ksiew ryngkat ki pateng ba shadien to ngin buh ruh ïa ki kham bun shah ka khyndew kaba sboh bad ruh ki tyllong um kiba rben.
“Ka jaitbynriew ka bym ïohi jngai ka shu im lamwir bad kan sa jah rngai, hato ngin dei kiba lamwir ???”
