Shanlang F. Lyngdoh, Chief Operating Officer – Livelihood Promotion, Meghalaya State Rural Livelihood Society, Shillong
La jan man la ki shnong ha ki thaiñ Nongkyndong jong ka Jylla jong ngi, kita ki kynhun Self Help Group (SHG) ne ha ka ktien Khasi ngi lah ban ong ki Kynhun Seng Rap. Lade ki la don. Kumba phi tip hi ba ïa kane kam pynroi bad thaw ïa ka SHGs, ha ka Jylla Meghalaya la pynïaid da ka shnat treikam jong ka sorkar, Ka Meghalaya State Rural Livelihood Society. (MSRLS) kaba hap hapoh ka jingpeit jingkhmih jong ka tnat treikam jong ka sorkar Meghalaya, katta ka Community and Rural Development. ïa ka jingbeit pisa ïa kane ka skim National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)da ka tnat treikam jong ka sorkar kmie, Ministry of Rural Development. Haduh mynta katkum ka report haduh u bnai February 2024 la don kumba 48,758 tylli ki SHGs ha baroh kawei ka jylla.
Ka thong jong ka Sorkar ban thaw ïa kine ki SHGs, ka long ba man kawei pa kawei ka riewkynthei kaba la dap 18 snem shaneng, na man la ki thliew ïing ha ki shnong Nongkyndong ki dei ban don ha kine ki kynhun SHGs khnang ban ioh ban pyntip, pynshai bad pysnngewthuh ïa ka jingdon kam ban ïatreilang na ka bynta ka bha ka miat jong man ki longïing kiba long-dkhot bad ban kyntiew shuh shuh ïa ka ioh, ka kot, ka jingnang bad jingtbit ban pyntyllun ïa ki kam pynroi ha ki thaiñ Nongkyndong.
Kumta la sngewthuh ba ka jingthmu ban seng ïa ki SHGs kam dei eh daw tang ban ioh kam sorkar hynrei ban ïatreilang kawei ka jingmut bad kawei ka thong ban weng ïa ka jingduk bad jingsahdien na ki shnong ha ki nongkyndong. Namar na ka kyntien Self Help ne Rap lade, ka mut ïa ka roi ka san jong ngi, ngi ym shañiah shuh ha kiwei, hynrei da lade ïalade, kumta shuwa ban long dkhot ha ka SHG dei ban shai ka thong phin ïa leh aiu kum ka kynhun ? Bad da kumno ngi la law ïa ki sohkyrdot ka jingduh na ki ïing jong kawei pa kawei ka longïing kaba long dkhot ha ka SHG. Bad shisien ba phi la rung ha ka SHG, ka RAILANG, IOHLANG, DUHLANG, TREILANG, ioh jingtip etc ka dei ban rung ha ka seng pyrkhat jong ka kynhun, lym kumta ka kynhun kan ym neh slem. Ha ki snem ba la leit bun ki SHG/ki Cooperative Society ki kyllon noh na ka daw ba ia ka seng la aiti ïa ka kam tang ha ki nongïalam katba ki dkhot pat ki shu ïa ang um. Kane kam dei shuh ban long kumne. Ngi hap ban rap lade bad treilang ïa kino kino ki kam ba la railing ha ka kynhun.
Nalor kine ki Self Helf Groups dang don shuh sa kiwei pat ki kynhun bad la tip kum ki integrated Village Cooperative Society, (IVCS) ba lah pyntrei kam da ka Meghalaya Basin Mangement Authority, (MBMA) ha kaba ka kynthup lut ïa baroh ki longïing hapoh ka shnong kynthei bad shynrang. Ka thong jong kane ka IVCS ruh ka long ban rat jingduh, da kaba plie lad ki lynti ban pynïaid ïew ïa ki mar rep bad kiwei pat ki kam ban kyntiew ïa ki lad ban ioh ki bai seng na ka bynta ki paradkhot ne ban pynbiang ïa ki jingdonkam kum ka kudam buh tiar, (godown), ka Thiarlum ïa ki jingmih ban die lang (collection centre) bad kiwei de.
Nalor kine don ruh ki shnong kiba hap hapoh ki programme jong ka Mission Organic Value Chain Development of North East Region (MOVCDNER), jong ka tnat trei kam rep (Department of Horticulture). Kane ruh ka dei ba la bei pisa da ka sorkar kmie ka Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare. Ha kaba la bthah ba dei ban thaw ïa kita ki Kynhun Nongrep ba ki khot ha ka ktien nongwei, ka (FPO) Federation of Farmer organization bad don ruh ki shnong pat kiba ka Nabard ruh ka ïarap ban thaw bad bei pisa ïa kine ki FPO.
Ha ka liang jong ka skim NRLM, nalor ki SHGs, la kyllum lang ïa ki SHGs jong ka shnong ha ka kynhun shnong ba ngi khot ha ka ktien nongwei ka village Organisation (VO) bad sa kham katto katne por ynda haba kine Vo ki la ih bha ha ka jingtrei kam jong ki, kin sa thaw pat sa ïa kita ki kynhun jong ki VO lai haduh San shnong (Cluster) ba ki khot ka Cluster Level Federation. (CLF).
Lada ki phaidien khyndiat shaphang ki kam pynroi nongkyndong lyngba ki kynhun Self Help Gropup ha ka jylla jongngi la sdang naduh ba pyntrei kam ïa ka skim SGSY naduh u snem 1999 lyngba ki DRDA jong man ki District, ha kito ki por la don shibun bah, ki SHGs kiba la mih. Nalor nangta ha ki snem ba kham hadien u snem 2000 la mih sa ka NERCORMP (IFAD Project) ka project jong ka International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD) kaba la pyntrei tang ha ki katto katne ki district, jong ka jylla. Nangta ter ter naduh u snem 2004 haduh u snem 2012 ka sorkar jylla ka lah pynioh pat sa kawei ka project ne IFAD la pyntrei kam da ka Meghalaya Rural Development Society (MRDS) hapoh ka shatri jong ka tnat planning, nalor kine kiwei pat ki tnat treikam sorakr kum ka tnat jong ka Soil and Water conservation, ka tnat Horticulture bad ka agriculture ruh ki lad pyntyllun ïa bun syrtap ki skim jong ki, lyngba ki SHGs bad ki FPOs. Kumta naduh u snem 2011 la sdang pat ïa ka Meghalaya State Rural Livelihood Society ban pyntreikam ïa ka kam thaw SHGs naduh u snem 2013 ter ter haduh mynta.
Hynrei kaba phylla bad kaba pynduhkha mynsiem ïa baroh pat ka long ba kitei ki kynhun SHGs, FPO, bad kiwei ki met kynhun trei kam ba la seng bad thaw ha man ki project, ki dkut noh ka jingtreikam jong ki ynda haba ki skim ki kut noh. Don tang katto katne eh kiba ïaineh ha ka jingtrei kam jong ki. Ka daw bah ba kine ki kynhun ki shim long kiba ïaineh sah (sustain), ka dei namar ba kim shai bha ïa ka nongrim ba ki seng ïa la ka kynhun, te, haba kumta, phin ïa iohi, ba katba dang treikam ka skim ne project, pyniohi ïa ka jingshongshit, ka daw kaba ar, ka dei naamr bun kine ki project / Skim la dei ba bei pisa da ka sorkar ne da kita ki seng bei pisa na ka bynta ki kam pynroi (external aided agencies) ki don ka thong (target) ban pyndep la ki kam ha por ba la buh, kumta kham bunsien na ka jingbyrnia shai tikna ïa ki thong ba ki pyntreikam ki lah kum pynngam ïa ka jingtreikam ha ka lah tang ban dep ïa ki thong (physical target) ba la buh, kaba lai ka daw ki nongtrei kiba trei ym shym la lah ban ai ka jingtbit kaba tikna (skill) ha ki kam ba ki trei kumta ka por ka shu loin kai, kim lah ban wanrah ïa ka jingiatreilang ki paidbah katkum ka thong jong ka roi ka san kumba ki donkam ki paitbah (participatory development plan), hynrei ki la shu shim (copy) beit ïa ki kam kum ba thoh ha ki DPaR (Details project Report) kam jong ki pro-ject, namar katta kham bunsien kim ïa dei dur bad ka jinglong jingman jong ngi ki riewlum. Ha ka jylli jong ki kam pynroi pynsan ha ki nongkyndong la juh ong, “ba ka jingshim bynta lang jong ki nongioh bynta ha ki project /skim ki dei ban sngewtrai ïa ka kam.” Hynrei kane bun bunsien ym shym la lah ba pynurlong, kumta ki skim ki leit ki wan na kawei ka snem sha kawei pat ka snem, hynrei ki thaiñ nongkyndong ha ka jylla jong ngi pat ki nang sahdien pynban, ka jingkylli kaba mih hangta, Balei mo ka jia kumne ? ïano yn kynnoh ? Mano ba dei ban kit khlieh ïa kane ?
Kumta ka deity ba kongsan eh ngi dei ban kynnoh shuwa ïa ngi ki paidbah kiba kloi ban bam jakhluid bad tare ïa ki skim/project khlem da ioh jingshai kaba tikna. Bad ïa ki nongpyntyllun (Implementer) la kam ki bym salia tang ban biang ki target ne tang ban dep ki kam lajong la shu tian jubor ia ki skim khlem da thew sawar shuwa. Kaba nga mut ban ong ba, ka long shuwa ban pyntreikam ïa kano kano ka skim ka dei ban da don shuwa ki jingïathirnia (focus discussion) shuwa ha ki shnong da kaba shim jingmut na baroh ki liang, ki Longkmie, ki samla bad ki durbar shnong, ki nongkit kam jong ki Balang bapher bapher ha ki shnong, ki nongkit kam jong ki Cooperative society, ki VO, ki SHGs. Khnang ban ioh ïa ka jingïatip lang, ka jingai jingmut lang, ka jingsngewthuh lang bad ka jingmonjur lang ban ia snohkti ne ïa pyntrei kam lang. (prior, consent and information). Ka ktien ka ong,” ba lada ngi bakla ha sngi nyngkong, katta ka sngi khatduh kan long ka jingkordit.” Don ki project ruh kiba pynlong shuwa da ki baseline (lum jingtip), hynrei kaba sngewsih ka long ba ynda lade plum ia kine ki baseline, ym don pat ka jingieit pynshai biang sha ki paidbah bad kam don ruh ka jingbun dien ïa ka ki mat ba ka baseline ka lap ne kdew. La jin ba kan da don ka jingïaphylliew jingmut biang ïa ka hadien ba la dep ïaleh ïa ka baseline, (validation) kan long shisha ka jingmyntoi, namar da kaba phylliew jingmut biang, ioh pat ka lad ban pynbeit ïa ki jingshembakla ha ka baseline (lum jingtip).
Kumta ka National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) ka dei kawei na ki skim jong ka sorkar pdeng, ha kaba ka jingthmu (objective) jong ka ka long ban weng noh ïa kine ki jingdkoh jong ki rukom trei kam ha ki thaiñ nongkyndong kumba la kdew haneng. Ki jingkylla jong ka ne ka mission (NRLM) ka long ba kwah, ba ka jingpyntrei kam ïa kane ka projek, long ba lah ban pyntreikam ha ka rukom trei mission. Te kito kiba long khristan, kin kham sngewthuh bha, ïa ka kyntien mission ka wan na ka kyntien “Missionery.” Kaba mut ka rukom treikam da kaba aiti lut bad ban don ka mynsiem ban lah ban pynkylla na ka jingsah-dien sa ka roi ka san. Kumta ka NRLM ha ka nyng-kong eh shuwa ban sdang ka project, ka da ai ka jinghikai kaba bniah bha ia baroh ki nongtrei jong ka ym duna ïa ka 45 sngi. Ynda ki la dep hikai bha ia ki, sa phah pat ba kin leit shong leit sah sha ki shnong ha ki thaiñ nongkyndong kumba 10 sngi ba kin lah pat ban ioh ïa ka bor sngewthuh, ba kumno ki longïing baduk ha nongkyndong ki man ki long bad ki sa wanrah pat ïa ki jingshem bad ka plan treikam jong ki sha district bad sha state.
(Yn dang bteng)
