A. Marwein
Ka kyntien ‘Maharam’ ka thew ïa kawei na ki Hima hapoh Khasi Hills bad ka kyntien ‘Maram’ pat ka thew ïa ki briew jong ka hima, tangba jan baroh ïa ki briew na West Khasi Hills la kheiñ kyllum kum ki Maram ne ki Nongwes. ïa ka kyrteng Maharam la pynmih nyngkong da ki Phareng ha ka jingthoh kynmaw jong ki ïa ka hima. Ka Hima Maharam ka dei ka Hima barim, baheh bad ba khatduh ba la ngat ka ka jingsynshar ki Phareng. Ka heh bad ka jingïar jong ka Hima ka sdang naduh Saitshylliah Ladkrem Weiloi kaba hap hapoh East Khasi Hills District shaduh Ranikor, khappud jong ka Bangladesh. Ka Hima Maharam ka kynthup ïa ki 136 tylli ki shnong Khasi-Maram bad 34 tylli ki shong Garo ba hap ha khappud Bangladesh. Kiba bun ki shnong Maharam ki hap hapoh jong ka South West Khasi Hills District bad don ruh kiba hap hapoh jong ka East Khasi Hills District. Don katto katne ki khana bad jingbatai ïa ka jingmut jong ka kyntien Maram bad Maharam ki long ki bym kit jingmut bad bym don don Nongrim.
Kat kum ka jinglap na ka history jong ka Ri India bad jong ka Hima Maharam, ka lah ban long ba ïa kane ka kyntien ‘Maram’ la pyndonkam nyngkong da ki nongkhaiï kiba na ri Arab, kiba khaii pateng ha ri thor ba hap hapoh Bangladesh mynta. Ka kyntien ‘Maram’ ( (???? ha ka ktien Arabic ka dei ka kyrteng jong u/ka briew ne ka kynhun jong ki briew, kaba mut ‘ba kwah ne ba thrang’ (wish, desire or aspiration). Kane ka kyntien ka thew ruh ïa ka jinglong (character) ka jingmut (mental) bad ka met (physical) jong u briew ba satar ne ba skhem jingmut (determination) ne tur shaphrang khlem kynrandien. Ka jinglong ba skhem jingmut, ba trei shitom bad ba tur shakhmat khlem jingting jong u Maram ka paw ha kine ki jinglong bad jingleh jong u; lyngba ka jingtrei shitom jong u ha ka rep ka riang watla ka jaka ka long ka bym seisoh, ka jingbym ailad jong u ïa ki nongwei (Khar Umsoh-Umsaw) ban kam trai ïa ka jaka puta bad sa kawei ruh ka dei ka jingbym pdiang jong u ïa ki jingngeit niam nongwei (na Arab). Katkum ka jingïathuh khana pateng ngi tip ba naduh u snem 636 AD, ki nongkhaiï na Arab ki la sdang khaiï ha poh ri India, ba sdang na ki thaiñ shathie jong ka ri India. Khamtam eh shuwa ka jingwan jong ki Phareng bun ki nong Arab ki khaiï pateng ha Sylhet, Mymensingh bad Ranikor-Balat, kat kum u P.R.G. Mathur (1979) don ruh kiba shongshnong khap rilum Khasi. Ha kito ki por ha ki kam khaii pateng ki pyndonkam bha ïa ka ktien Arabic bad bun ki Bengali bad Khasi ki nang bha ïa kane ka ktien. Na ka bynta ki Maram ha kito ki por ka jaka khaiï pateng ba la slem bha bad bakongsan tam eh dei ha Ranikor bad Balat, kumba long ha Jaiñtiapur jong ki Syiem Jaiñtia mynhyndai. Na ka jingpyrta (slogan) jong ka World Heritage Day 2024 kaba ong, ‘let’s pledge to protect and preserve the rich heritage of the world’, ka dei ka jingai mynsiem ïa ngi ki Khasi ban burom bad pynneh pynsah ïa ki jingteinam jong ki longshuwa manshuwa. Ka ri Khasi- Jaiñtia baroh kawei ka paw pyrthei bha ha ka jingdon jong ki Mawbynna (megaliths) khamtam eh lyngba ka jingdon jong ki mawbynna ha Nartiang bad Sohra. Kaba sngewsih ka long ba kiba bun na ki mawbynna kiba don ha kylleng ka ri Khasi-Jaiñtia la iehnoh bad la klet noh ïa ki khlem don shuh kiba sumar ne ban pyrto ïa ka jingdon jong ki. Kine ki mawbynna ki la shah tap noh bad kito kiba dang sah pat ki briew kim tip eiei shuh shaphang jong ki bad ym shem la don jingthoh eiei, khamtam eh ïa ki mawbynna ba don ha West Khasi Hills.
Ka jingpaw pyrthei ba nyngkong eh jong ka jingdon ki mawbynna ha ka Hima Maharam,dei na ka jingdon ki mawbynna ha Mawruduk – Tynrong shnong Mawlangwir, ïa kane ka jingthung lang shi jaka ïa kine ki mawbynna la ai kyrteng thymmai ‘Marammot’, ki dei ki mawbynna ban pynsah jingkynmaw ïa ka jingsdang ka Hima Maharam. Ka long kaei kaei kaba sngewsih bad ba pynpang mynsiem namar ba bun ki mawbynna ha Hima Maharam ki la shah pynduhjait da ka jingbiej bad ka jingbym kheiñ kordor jong ngi ki longdien ïa ki jingteinam u longshuwa. Bun la pynpait pynpra ban pyndonkam ban shna iïng briew, ban ker kper bad khamtam eh ban shna lynti kjat bad surok kali. Ka Jingburom bad ïada ïa kine ki mawbynna kam dei eh tang ka kamram jong ka Niam Khasi tynrai, hynrei ka dei ka deiti jong uwei pa uwei u Khasi ban pynneh pynsah ki. Ki kam pynroi bad pynbha ki dei ban ïaidlang da ka jingburom kyrpang ïa ki jingtei (monuments) ba don jingmut jong ki longshuwa manshuwa. Kat kum ka jingwad-bniah biang pa biang ïa ka jingdon ki Mawbynna ha ka Hima Maharam ha une u snem 2023-24, ki don kumba 663 tylli ki mawbynna; 323 ki mawshynrang/mawpynieng (menhir), 226 ki mawkynthei/mawpynthiah (dolmen) bad 114 tylli ki mawshyieng (cist), khlem da shim jingkheiñ ïa ki mawbynna ba dang shu buh ha kine ki khyndiat snem. Ki don bunjait ki mawbynna ha Maharam; don ki mawniam, ki mawnam, ki mawshongthait, ki mawshyieng bad ki mawlynti.Ki mawshynrang ki don bun ha shnong Mawlangwir -138 tylli, ki mawkynthei ki don bun ha Rangthong – 80 tylli bad ki Mawshyieng ki don bun ha shnong Wahmawpat-Mawchii Nongrod – 103 tylli. Bun kine ki mawbynna kiba ym don ba lah ban pyntikna la ki dei ki mawniam ne ki mawnam ne ki dei ki mawshongthait.
Katto katne ki mawbynna kiba dei ki mawniam kiba tip bad ithuh ki don ha Sngimawleiñ, Nonglyngkien, Mawlangwir, Mawten, Nonglang bad ha Wahmawpat. Ki mawbynna kiba dei ki Mawnam bala pynneh pynsah haduh mynta dei kine; U Mawrangjiin ha Mawlangwir Tynrong, U Mawramsing ba don ha syndah ka iingmane Katholik Mawkyrwat, U maw ha Sakwang ba thung da U Kyrwat ba don ha kper jong I Kong Bonlina Kharjahrin, U maw ha Rangthong Tynrongpyrnon bad u Mawsngi ha Twahlangwar. Bun ki ïa kren by Bynñiew ia ka jingpynpra ïa u Mawbynna ba don ha ïew Mawkyrwat ba la thung da u Kyrwat na Sakwang ban pynsahkynmaw ïa ka jing-sdang ïa ka ïew Mawkyrwat, namar u dei u mawbynna ba jrong tam ha ka hima Maharam bad u ba wandur bha. Ki mawbynna ba itynnad bad ba la ohshrong bha ki don ha Twahlangwar, ba ki khot mynta ka Shnong Balajah.
Hangne ha Twahlangwar ki don lai tylli ki mawbynna ba la ohshrong bha, ha u mawbynna ba hapdeng la ohshnrong bha iaka dur jong ka sngi, haduh mynta mynne ki khot kyrteng da ‘U Mawsngi’. Tang kyndiat tylli ki shnong ba shimkhia ban ïada bad pynneh pynsah bha ïa kine ki mawbynna. Ka shnong Rangthong bad Nongnah ki ïaleh ban pynneh pynsah ïa ki da kaba ker bha, ka shnong Mawlangwir bad ka shnong Wahmawpat kila ïaleh ban pynbha shuh shuh ban pynlong kum ka jaka jngohkai (tourist spot). Ka Jingburom jong ngi mynta ïa kine ki jingtei ba pynsah jingkynmaw jong ki menbarim ka dei ka Jingburom bad jingsngewnguh jong ngi ïa ki. Ha ka jingbymdon jingthoh (record), ki mawbynna ba ïengrasong mynta ki dei tang maki ba lah ban ai jingtip bad pynsah jingkynmaw shaphang ka jingim jong ki longshuwa ba la im da ki spah ne hajar snem mynshuwa hangne hapoh ka ri jong ngi. Ki mawbynna ki dei ka burom bad ka jingsarong jong ka ri Khasi-Jaiñtia bad ka jaitbynriew baroh kawei; to ngin pynneh pynsah ïa ki.
