ïa kane ka artikle la thoh da u rangbah uba trei shabar jylla la bun snem bad uba dang shu shongthait shen
Kat kum ka 6th Schedule, la ithuh ba kawei pa kawei ka tynrai riewlum lane “Native Indigenous Community” ba ka don la ka jong ka jong ka niam ka rukom, la ka jong ka riti ka dustur, la ka jong ka ktien lane kiba la tip “Ethnic Group” bad kiba don la ka jong ka jong ka rukom synshar-khadar. Khnang ban ai jingïada ïa ka jinglongtynrai (tribal ethnicity and indigeneous identity) ki riewlum bapher bapher, ka 6th Schedule ka la bynta ïa kawei pa kawei ka thaiñ kita ki riewlum ha ki District. Bad ïa ka synshar-khadar ïa ki District la aiti ha ka kti ki trai ri-lum ka District namar u nongwei um lah ban sngewthuh ne shemphang ïa ka niam ka rukom ki trai ri ka District. Ha kata ka por ki thaiñ ri-lum ki don hapoh ka Jylla Assam.
(Ha Khasi-Jaiñtia ha kata ka por don tang kawei ka District, ka United Khasi-Jaiñtia Hills district, namar u Khasi bad u Pnar ki dei na kajuh ka ethnic origin. Ka jingpynmih ïa kiwei kiwei ki District mynta, kum ka East Jaiñtia, West Jaiñtia, Ri-Bhoi, West Khasi Hills, East Khasi Hills ka dei tang na ka bynta ban pynsuk ïa ka synshar-khadar, ymdei ban sngewthuh bakla ïa kata bad ïa ka jingthawaiñ hi ka bat ka KHADC. Dei ban tip ïa ka jingshisha ruh ba u Khasi-Pnar bad u Garo ki dei na la jong ka jong ka tynrai (ki dei na la ka jong ka Native Indigenous Community bad Ethnic Origin).
Khnang ban ïoh jingshai kaba tikna shaphang ka 6th Schedule, ngi dei ban sngewthuh shai ïa ki nongrim; bad ïa ka 6th Schedule la pynshong nongrim kat kum ka Kaiphod (Report) ka Sub committee kaba la tip kum ka ‘North – East Frontiers (Assam) Tribal and Excluded Areas’.
Ka sorkar Phareng shwa ba kan aiti ïa ka jingsynshar sha ki nong India lyngba ka Constituent Assembly, ka la bthah ïa ka sorkar India ban thaw da ki aiñ synshar kiba kyrpang ïa ki thaiñ ri lum kiba don shatei lam mihngi, namarba ki dei ki jaidbynbriew kiba kham pher na kiwei pat ki thaiñ ka ri India; kiba don la ki jong ki jong ki riti ki dustur ha ka synshar-khadar. Da ka aiñ kaba kyrpang khnang ban tehlakam na ka jingwanrung ki briew kiba nabar ban buhai shnong bad leh donbor halor ka riti ka dustur ki trai ri kari-lum District.
Ka Constituent Assembly ka la mynjur ïa ka jingai jingmut ka sorkar phareng bad ka la thung da kawei ka Committee ha ka 27th February 1947, ban leit wad bniah ïa ka niam ka rukom, ka synshar-khadar ki riewlum kiba don hapoh ka Jylla Assam ha kata ka por. Kata ka Committee la tip kum ka North-East Frontiers (Assam) Tribal and Excluded Areas Sub-Committee. Uwei na ki dkhot ka Sub Committee dei u Rev. J J Nichols Roy.
Ka Sub Committee ka la leit jngoh ïa ki District rilum bad ïa kynduh ïa ki nongïalam ki riewlum bapher bapher, kum ka Lushai Hills district, Mikir Hills Sub Division, N C Hills District, Naga Hills District bad Garo Hills District. Ka Sub Committee ka la buh jingkylli ruh ha kita ki riewlum ba, da kaei ka rukom synshar-khadar kaba ki khmih lynti na ka Sorkar India ka ban shimti noh ïa ka jingsynshar na ka sorkar Phareng.
Ka Sub Committee, hadien ka jingleit jngoh, ka la pynkhreh ïa ka jingthoh kaiphod (report) ryngkat bad ka jingkyntu (recommendation) sha ka Constituent Assembly. Ka Sub Committee ka la aiti noh ïa ka report sha ka Constituent Assembly ha ka 28th July 1947. Hadien ka jingïataiñia bad jingïaphylliew jingmut, ka Constituent Assembly ka la pdiang ïa ka Report ryngkat ka jingkyntu (recommendation) ka Sub Committee bad la pynlong aiñ ïa ka ha ka dur jong ka 6th Schedule jong ka Constitution. Da ka jingpynlong aiñ ïa ka 6th Schedule, ka Constitution ka la ai bor ïa kito ki riewlum ba kin synshar hi da lade ïa lade (self-governing power) ha la ki jong ki jong ki rilum kum ki trai ri.
Ha ka Report, ka Sub Committee ka kyntu ba ïa kawei pa kawei ka trai riewlum dei ban ai ka bor synshar da lade ïa lade hi (self-governance) lyngba ka District Council ne Regional council. Ha ka Appendix A jongka Bynta – I la pynwan dur ïa ka aiñ 6th Schedule bad ban thaw ïa ki District Council.
Namar la bun ki jingkylla katba nang ïaid ki por, te na ki 29 tylli ki mat ba ka Sub Committee ka la buh ha khmat ka Constituent Assembly, ngin ïa peit tang ïa katto katne ki mat kiba kongsan ha kiba ïa ka 6th Schedule la pynshong nongrim. Kiba ngi dei ban dang bud bad ban pyntreikam ha ka ri Khasi-Jaiñtia haduh kine ki por, kiba ïa dei bad ka jingïada ba la ai ïa ka jaidbynriewri-lum. Kita mat ki dei:
1.Ka Mat ba 4, Hills People’s Views / Ka jingkhmih lynti ki riewlum:
Ki dkhot ka Sub Committee ki shem ba ki riewlum kim dei shuh kiba dang sahdien ha ka jingsngewthuh ha ki liang kiba ïa dei bad ka saiñ hima sima bad saiñ pyrthei (political consciousness). Da kane ka jingshemphang ki kwah ba ha la ki jong ki jong ki thaiñ rilum ki dei ban ai ka jinglaitluid ha ka synshar-khadar (autonomy) khnang ba kin lah ban bishar ba da kaei kaba bha tam ïa ki kum ki trai ri; bad ha ka jingïadei bad ka jingsynshar ba halor (sorkar India) kan dei lyngba ka jingïakular bad jingïamynjur lang bad ki trai ri (treaty/agreement).
(i)Da kane ka nongrim, ka Lushai District, lyngba ka District Conference ka Lushai Hills, ki riewlum Naga lyngba ka Naga National Council, ki Garo lyngba ka Council of Garo Hills ki la pynkhreh la ki jong ki jong ki ka ritisynshar (constitution), ha kata ka ritisynshar ki la pan ban ioh ha lade hi ïa baroh ki kam synshar-khadar lait noh ha kaba ïa dei bad ka jingïada na ki jingwan thombor ki ri nongwei (defence), ka jingbei pisa (funding), ki lad jingkoit jingkhiah (health) bad ïa ki bor pule puthi ba kham halor (higher education).
(ii)Ka Sub Committee ka kynthoh ba ki District rilum ki dawa ban pynbeit ïa u PUD u SAM, ba ki riewlum kiba na kajuh ka jaidbynriew (ethnic origin) ki dei ban wanrah ha kajuh ka district ha ka synshar-khadar. Namar kata la dawa ban pynbeit bad pynkylla noh ïa ki pud ki sam. Kum ki Lushai ki kwah ba ki Kuki ba na Manipur kin hap noh haka juh ka District Lushai, ki Naga ki kwah ba ki Zemi ka N C Hills yn wah rah hapoh ka District Naga Hills bad ki Garo ki kwah ba ki shnong bashong ki Garo ha Mymensing (East Pakistan) bad ki shnong Garo ha Goalpara bad Kamrup ka Assam kin hap noh hapoh ka Garo Hills District. Hynrei namar ka jingbym don por shuh, ka Sub Committee ha ka mat 26 (Boundaries / Pud), ka la kyntu ïa ka Constituent Assembly ban thung da kawei pat ka Commission hapoh ka jingpynïaid ka Sorkar Jylla ka ban pynbeit ïa u pud u sam kat kum ka jingdawa kitei ki riewlum. KANE KA PYNSHAI BA KA DISTRICT LA THAW NAKA BYNTA KAWEI PA KAWEI KA JAIDBYNRIEW RI-LUM kaba dei na kajuh ka Ethnic Origin.
2.Ka Mat ba 6, ka jinglong ba kyrpang ki ri-lum (Special Features):
Ka Sub Committee ka shem ba la don lypa ki dkhot pynïaid kam ha ka synshar-khadar (Council or Conference) ha kine ki ri-lum bad haba yn wanrah mynta ïa ka rukom synshar-khadar bathymmai ym dei ban klet ïa kine ki mat harum;
(a)Ka jinglong kyrpang ha ka niam ka rukom bad riti dustur, ka rukom hiar pateng, ka rukom ai jaid ai khong bad ïa ka rukom synshar-khadar (tribal organization) kine ki rilum kiba ïapher kawei ka ri-lumna kawei pat. Ka jingngeit niam, namar bala bun kine ki riewlum kiba la long khristan.
(b)Ka jingsyier bad jingsheptieng ki riewlum na ka jingwan rung bad thombor ki briew na rithor (dkhar) ki ba kham sian kham stad ha ka khaïi pateng. Dei na kata ka dawba ki riewlum ki kheiñ kordor ïa ka rukom pyntreikam ïa ka “Inner Line”, ka aiñ kaba pakhang ïa ki briew na rithor ban wan rung khlem da iohbor na ka aiñ.
(c)Ki kynhun riewlum ki la ai jingmut ïa ka Sub Committee, ba khnang ban ai jingïada na ka jingrung lehbor ki briew ba nabar rilum dei ban ai ïa ka bor synshar ha ka kti ki riewlum da lade hi.
(d)Bad ha ka jingbei tyngka ïa ki ri-lum, ka dei ban don da ka aiñ bad ban ai bor ha ki dkhot synshar ki riewlum (Local Council) lada ym dei kumta, ka sorkar jylla kan ym lah ban leh kit khia ïa ki ri-lum tang namar ka jingpynwit ki nongïalam na rithor.
3.Ka Mat ba 8, Future Policy (kumno ban pyntrei kam ïa ka jingsynshar): Ka Sub Committee, ka kyntuba shwa ban pyntrei kam da kano kano ka rukom synshar-khadar, ka dorbar thaw aiñ ka dei ban buh jingithuh shwa ïa ka jinglong kyrpang ki riewlum. Ym dei ban pyntrei kam da ka bor khlem da shim ka jingmynjur shwa na ki trai ri ka district.
4.Ka Mat ba 9, Hill People’s Land (ka aiñ ïa ka khyndew ka shyiap): Ka Sub Committee ka kynthoh shai ba,
i.”The anxiety of the hill people about their land and their fear of exploitation are undoubtedly matters for making special provisions” Ka jingsngew syier ki riewlum ïa la ki khyndew ki shyiap bad ka jingsheptieng na ka jingwan leh thombor da ki briew nabar, donkam ban da thaw da ka aiñ ba kyrpang ban ai jingïada.
ii.Ban buh da ki kyndon ba pyrkhing ban ïada ïa ki khyndew bad ki kyndon ban tehlakam ïa ka jingwan rung da ki nongwei nabar sha ka District rilum jong ki (the Hill People should have the largest possible measure of protection for their land and provisions for the control of immigration into their areas for agriculture and non-agriculture purposes ). Hangne ka Sub Committee ka kren shaphang ki nongwei nabar (immigration), ka mut la u dei u briew na ri-thor ne na ri-lum ruh kam don jingïapher. Tang uba la dei u nongwei uba nabar ka District ym dei ban shah buhai khyndew kum ïa u trai shnong ka District.
iii.Ka Sub Committee ka la kynthoh ba ki trai ri lum kim don jingshaniah ban aiti ïa ka aiñ tehlakam na ka jingwan rung ki nongwei ha ka Sorkar Jylla, namar ki nongïalam ka sorkar ki kham shah shkor ïa la ki nongkyrshan, khamtam ïa ki bar ri. (“…hill people will not have sufficient confidence if the control on such matters is kept in the hands of the provincial government, which may only be too amenable to the pressure of its supporters……”). Ki trai-rilum ki la pynsngew ïa kane ha ka Sub Committee ba ki la iohi ba ki nongïalam, tang ban ïoh vote ki ai lad ïa ki nongwei ban wan rung bad ban kam khyndew.
iv.Ka Sub Committee ka shem ba hapdeng jong ki trai ri lum, ïa u PUD ba la buh ha pdeng ban pynïakhlad ïa kawei ka jait briew ri lum na kawei pat la ithuh tikna bad uno uno u ba rung ïaid lait ïa u PUD ba la buhkan wanrah sha ka jingïalehthma. (Boundaries between the area of one hill or tribe are recognised and violation may result in fighting).
v.Kat kum ka jingshem, ka Sub Committee ka pynpaw ba dei ban don da ka aiñ ban tehlakam ïa ka jingwan rung ki nongwei bad ïa ka jingbuh ai khyndew da ki briew ba nabar (“that there should be control of immigration and allocation of land to outsiders, and that such controls should be vested in the hands of the hill people themselves”).Outsider, hangne ka mut la u dei u riewlum ne uba na ri-thor, uno uno uba nabar ka District u dei beit u nongwei/outsider. Ki trai rilum ki la dawa ruh ba ïa kata ka bor tehlakam dei ban aiti ha ka kti ki trai ri-lum ka District.
vi.Kumta, ka Sub Committee ka la kyntu (recommend) ïa ka Constituent Assembly ba ïa ki Hills District dei ban ai ka bor synshar-khadar ban pynïaid ïa la ka khyndew ka shyiap lait noh ki khyndew kiba hap hapoh ka reserved forest jong ka Assam Forest Regulation 1891.
5.Ka Mat ba 15, Jingtehlakam ïa ka jingwan rung ki nongwei (Control of Immigration):
(i)Ka Sub Committee ka ban biang ha kane ka mat, ba ki riewlum ki sngew-syier jur ïa ka jingwanrung ki riew nongwei kiba nabar, khamtam kiba na ri-thor (are extremely nervous of outsiders, particularly non-tribal). Dei na kane ka daw, ka Sub Committee ka la ong ba ki riewlum ki kheiñ kor bha ïa ka aiñ kaba la tip kum ka Chin Hills Regulations, ha kaba ki nongwei ki donkam ban ïoh ka pass shwa ban rung sha ki ri-lum palat ïa u pud “Inner Line” bad uno uno uba rung pathar un shah beh krad. Ha kane ka Mat ba ka Sub Committee ka kyntu (recommendation) bad ka kynthoh “Outsiders, particular the Non-Tribal”, kaba mut uno uno u nongwei u banabar ka District, la u dei uba na ri-lum ne na ri-thor, khamtam ïa uba na ri-thor ym dei ban shah rung khlem da ïohbor na ka aiñ.
(ii)Kat kum ka jingshem, ka Sub Committee ka kynthoh jur ba ka jingsngew syier ki trai riew-lum na ka jingwan rung ki nongwei nabar ka district, ban rung ha ka kam khaïi bad kiwei kiwei ki jaid kam, kam dei khlem nongrim. Namar kata ka Sub Committee ka recommend ba dei ban thaw da ka aiñ ban tehlakam ïa ka jing-rung ki nongwei kiba nabar District.
6.Ka Mat ba 17: Ka recommendation ha ka rukom synshar-khadar bad jingthaw aiñ ha ki thaiñ ri-lum (Recommendation on legislation):
(i)Ki District ki dei ban don la ki nongmihkhmat sha ka ïing thaw aiñ ka Jylla.
(ii)Ka Sorkar Jylla kan thaw aiñ tang ïa ki bynta kiba shabar ka bor thaw aiñ ka Autonomous District Council.
(iii)Kat kum ka Section ‘C’ jong ka Appendix A, ïa ka District Council la ai bor ban thaw aiñ ha kaba ïa dei bad ka jingpynïaid ïa ka khyndew ka shyiap, khlaw ki bta blait noh ki khlaw kiba hap hapoh ka reserved Forest jong ka Assam Forest Regulation 1891, ban thaw aiñ kumno ban pynïaid ïa ki um ki wah, ka rep ka riang; ban thaw aiñ bad buh kyndon ha kaba ïadei bad ki shnong ki thaw bad ki sor bad ka jingkhuid ki um dih um bam, ki surok ki nala (nur) bad ha ka jinglehkhuid ka imlang sahlang (sanitation).
(2) Ban thaw aiñ ha kaba ïadei bad ka (a) jingthung Syiem / Khlieh ka Hima bad Rangbah Shnong,(b) ka hiar pateng, (c) jingshongkha bad kiwei kiwei ki kam ba ïadei bad ka niam ka rukom.
7.APPENDIX A jong ka Bynta-I jong ka Report ka Sub Committee : Na katei ka Report ka Sub Committee la pynwan dur ïa ka 6th Schedule ka ban long aiñ (Legal Provision) ha ka Appendix A. Katba nangïaid ki por ka 6th Schedule kaba kat kum ka Appendix A la pynkylla katto katne lyngba ki Amendment bapher bapher. Tangba ka nongrim (basic structure) ka neh kajuh, lait noh tang ha Meghalaya marwei ba la wanrah ïa ka Para 12A kaba dei, kat kum ka jingsngewthuh ka long pyrshah ïa ka aiñ ka 6th Schedule hi (self-contradictory).
8.Ka jingthmu jong ka Report da ka Sub Committee :
I.Na ka Report ka Sub Committee, ngi sngewthuh shai ba la thaw ïa ka aiñ 6th Schedule ban ai ïa ki ri-lum ka bor ba kin bat ïa ka synshar-khadar ha lade hi (self government) ha kaba ïadei bad la ka imlang sahlang, ka niam ka rukom, ka riti ka dustur, ban pynïaid ïa la ka khyndew ka shyiap, ki khlaw ki btap, ki wah ki um bad ki rukom synshar ïa ki shnong ki thaw.
II.Ka Sub Committee ka kyntu ruh ban tehlakam da ka aiñ ban khang ïa ki nongwei kiba nabar ka District ban rung pathar, la u dei u dkhar na ri-thor ne uwei pat u riewlum ba na kawei ka thaiñ ri-lum. Ngi iohi shai ïa kane ha ka Mat kaba 9 bad kaba 15 ka Report ka Sub Committee, kiba ngin lum biang kumne harum :
a)Ha ka report la pyndonkam bun ka ktien “Outsiders” lane ki nongwei; kaba mut ïa u dkhar na ri-thor lane u riewlum, lada u dei u banabar ka District ynniew ïa u, u nongwei lane outsider, ngim dei ban sngewthuh bakla ïa kata.
b)ïa ka Inner Line Pass la pyndonkam haduh mynta, lait noh ha Meghalaya, ban tehlakam ïa ka jingrung pathar ki nongwei. La shem ba wat ïa u Khasi haba un leit sha Nagaland ne u Naga un leit sha Mizoram um lah ban rung khlem da ioh ïa ka Inner Line Pass. Kane ka pynshisha ba para riewlum ruh, haba dei u banabar ka District la ñiew kum u “Outsider” lane u Nongwei bad la tehlakam,ba khlem da ioh pass um lah ban rung laitluid khlem aiñ, ba haduh ban buhai shnong ne kam khyndew lei lei ym don aiñ.
c)Kumba la kynthoh haneng, Ka Sub Committee ka shem ba uwei u jaid riewlum uba na kawei pat ka thaiñ ri-lum um lah ban wan rung ïa ïaid lait sha kawei pat ka jaid riewlum ba na kawei pat ka thaiñ. Lada wan rung pathar palat ïa u PUD kan wanrah sha ka jingïashoh ïa dat bad ïalehthma.(Boundaries between the area of one hill or tribe are recognised and violation may result in fighting). KA SUB COMMITTEE KA LA ïOHI LYPA HA KATA KA POR ïA KAEI KA BAN JIA HA MANIPUR MYNTA.
d)Kane ka pynshisha ba ïa ki District la bynta kyrpang tang na ka bynta kawei pa kawei ka jaidbynriew rilum kaba dei na kajuh ka tynrai lane native indigenous community bad na ka juh ka ethnic origin.
(Yn dang bteng)
