Bhogtoram Mawroh
Haba ngi pyrkhat shaphang ka wah Umngot, kham bun na ngi ngi ju pyrkhat ïa ka Dawki bad ka um kaba shai, khuid bad sngur khlir – khlir. Hynrei, ka wah Umngot ka long kham palat bun shah ïa kata ka jingpyrkhat. Ka wah ka sdang kum ka tyllong um barit ha ki thaiñ jong ka Lad Smit, ha kaba ka umpohliew jong ka ka kyrsoi na ka jaka ba sngem bad kaba don sha ka liang kamon jong ka surok haba leit sha Smit. Katba ka wah ka tuid shaphang shathie, ka ïaid lyngba ki phew tylli ki shnong bad ka pynlong ruh ïa u pud u sam hapdeng ka West Jaiñtia Hills bad ka East Khasi Hills ha kine ki sngi. Ha ki por mynshwa, ka wah Umngot ka don hapdeng ka Hima Khyrim bad ka Hima Jaiñtiapur, bad ki khana ba ïathuh da ki briew kiba shong ba sah sawdong ka wah ki long ki sakhi ïa kane ka histori. Ha ki por ba la leit, kine ki shnong ki don hapoh ka jingsynshar jong ka Hima Jaiñtiapur, kaba hadien kata ka la duh noh ïa ka bor synshar halor kane ka thaiñ sha ka Hima Khyrim. Naduh kata, ki shnong kiba don mynta ha West Jaiñtia Hills ki ju khot ïa ki shnong kiba don sha shilliang kum ki Khynriam. Ha kajuh ka rukom, ki shnong ha East Khasi Hills ki dang khot ïa la ki para shnong kiba don sha shilliang kum ki Synteng.
Kawei na ki bynta kaba pynmih jingkylli ka long ka jingïapher ha ka rukom long trai bad synshar ïa ka khyndew hapdeng kine ki arliang mamla. Ha ka liang jong ki Synteng, ka khyndew ka dang don hapoh ka jingpynïaid bad ka jingsynshar kaba khlain jong ka kur, bad ka thaiñ jong ka shnong Samanong bad Moosakhia la tip haduh mynta kum ka Raid Lai-kur Lai-kpoh, ha kaba u Lyngdoh na ka Kur Paksang u dang pyndep ïa ki jingleh niam bad ki rukom tynrai na ka bynta ka jingïada ïa ka Raid na ki jingwan rung bad hiarthma ïa ka khyndew ha kine ki thaiñ. Hynrei, ha ka liang jong ki Khynriam, ka khyndew ha kiba bun ki bynta ka la long trai da ki briew shimet. Kane ka rukom long trai ka ïadei bad ka khyndew kaba don sawdong ka them jong ka wah Umngot, ha kaba ka rep shyrtie ka la ju long ka rukom rep kaba kongsan ïa ki briew ha kine ki shnong. Hynrei, ha ki jaka rep ha kaba ki shnong ki don, ka khyndew ka don hapoh ka jingpynïaid jong ka Dorbar Shnong, lait noh na ki pynthor kba kiba long trai da ki longïing bapher bapher. Kane ka long ruh kaba shisha ha Nongjrong, ha kaba ki pynthor kba kiba don harud ka wah Umngot ki long trai da ki briew shimet. Ha kawei pat ka liang, ki pynthor kba jong ka shnong Mawpyrsong, kiba don ha ka them ha kaba ka wah Umngot ka tuid lyngba, ki long trai da u Syiem ka Hima Khyrim, bad ki nongshong shnong ki shim wai ïa kine ki jaka na u ban rep ban riang.
Kawei na ki jingud bad ki jingujor kiba ju mih bunsien haba ïakren shaphang ka jingeh ban pyntreikam ïa kino kino ki kam pynroi ha ka jylla ka long ka rukom bat khyndew. La ju batai ba kane ka rukom ka long kaba jylliew bha bad kaba eh ban pynbeit, namar ba ka jingpynshisha ïa ka jinglong trai ïa ka khyndew ka long kaba eh ban pynbeit ha ka jaka hi. Barabor, ka don ka jingïakajia halor ka jingdawa hok ban long trai ïa kano kano ka jaka. Wat haba la lah ban pynshisha ïa ka jinglong trai, ka jingbun jong ki trai bad ki rukom long trai bapher bapher ki dang pynmih shuh shuh ïa ki jingeh. Kawei pat ka jingeh ka long ba, hapoh ki riti dustur tynrai, ki nongshim wai ruh ki don ïa ki hok halor ka khyndew, bad ïa ki jingeh bad jingkhuslai jong ki ym lah ban kheiñ sting. Kane ka lah ban wanrah jingeh kaba khraw haba ka projek, kum ka jaka pynmih bording kaba heh, ka pyrshang ban pynkynriah ïa ki briew na ki jaka jong ki lane ban khanglad ïa ki na kaba pyndonkam ïa ka jaka kaba ki la shaniah bad tyngkai na ka bynta ka pateng jong ki. Kane ka bynta ka long kaba kongsan bha, namar ba ka khyndew katba dang ïaid ki sngi ka nang duna, bad kane ka dei ka jingeh kaba ki shnong kiba don ha baroh arliang jong ka wah Umngot ki dang ïai mad.
Ha ka jingshisha, ka jingdonkam jong ka wah Umngot na ka bynta ki jingim ka la nang kiew tang ha kine ki snem ba la leit noh, naduh ba la wanrah ïa ka rep synsar, ha kaba mynta ka la bujli noh ïa ka rep shyrtie kum ka rukom rep kaba kongsan ha ka thaiñ. Ka jingrep synsar ka la sdang nyngkong ha ka liang ki Khynriam kumba 30 snem mynshwa. Haba ki Synteng ki la ïohi ba kane ka jingthung ka seisoh bha, ma ki ruh ki la sdang ban pynkylla ïa ki jaka jong ki sha ka jingrep synsar, bad mynta ka rep synsar ka la bujli pura ïa ka rep krai hapoh ka rep shyrtie. Kane ka jingthung ïa u synsar ka la wanrah ïa ki jingmyntoi kiba khraw bha ïa ka imlang sahlang salonsar. Ka jingïoh kamai na ka rep synsar ka la pynlah ïa ki longïing ban bujli ïa ki ïing traw jong ki da ki ïing kiba don ïa ki tnum tin, bad hadien kata, da ki ïing maw kiba paka, namar ba ka jingïoh kamai ka la biang ïa ki. Wat ka Draft Agricultural Policy jong ka Sorkar Meghalaya ka ithuh ïa ka jingkongsan jong une u jingthung ha kaba ïarap ban kyrshan ïa ka jingïoh kamai jong ki nongrep.
Katkum ka Draft Agricultural Policy, u synsar u don kumba 26,000 hektar ka jaka ha Meghalaya. Hynrei, namar ka jingktah kaba jur jong une u jingthung ïa ka ma-riang, ka jingkyrshan ne ka lad jingïarap ïa ka la batai kum ka jingïarap shipor ïa ka jingïoh kamai tang ha ki jaka kiba la ieh, kiba long sharing, kiba jrong, kiba rit bad kiba duna ka jingmih, bad ha ki jaka ba la shu ïeh syllai hadien ka rep shyrtie. Kane kam dei ka rukom pynheh ne pynïar ïa ka jaka rep synsar. Ka polisi ka ong ruh ba ka jingrep synsar ka dei ban ïaid lang bad ka jingthung ïa ki diengphyrngop kiba rit kiba pynbun sboh bad ki dieng kiba don ka jingkahdum ne syrngiew ïa ka khyndew, bad ban buh sah kumba 10-20% ki jingthung tynrai hapoh ki jaka rep. Ka jingthang ïa ki lyngkha ruh kam dei ban ïaid lait na ki kyndon kiba dei bad ka jingthang ding. Hynrei, ki jaka ba la shu ïeh syllai hadien ka rep shyrtie kim dei ki jaka kiba ym myntoi ne kiba ym lah ban rep. Ka jingkheiñ ïa ki kum kine ka pynpaw ïa ka rukom pyrkhat jong ka por synshar ki Phareng, ha kaba ki jaka ba la pyndonkam da ki paidbah ban rep shyrtie la ju khot kum ki “jaka ba la ïeh shrah”, kaba pynsuk ïa ka bor synshar ban shimti ïa ki bad ban wanrah ïa ki hapoh ka jingpynïaid jong ka sorkar. Kine ki dei ki jaka rep kiba kordor kiba ki briew ki la ju pyndonkam ban pynmih marbam, bad ki dang bteng ban shakri ïa kane ka kam haduh mynta. Ha ka jingshisha, ki nongrep ki ngeit ba ka rep shyrtie ka ïarap ban pynneh ïa ka jingdon jong ki khlaw, namar ba ka rukom rep shyrtie ka shong eh ha ka jingieh kaba jlan ïa ka syllai. Nalor kata, ki kyndon kiba ïadei bad ka jingrep synsar bunsien ym ju bud ryntih, khamtam ha kine ki jaka. Ki khlaw kiba rben ki la shah pom bad shah pynkylla sha ki jaka rep synsar, bad kane ka long kaba shisha khamtam ha ki sawdong jong ka wah Umngot.
U synsar, watla u long uba myntoi shibun eh, hynrei u dei u jait jingthung uba khlain ban tan ïa ka um bad ka sboh khyndew. Kumta, u pyntyrkhong ïa ka khyndew bad u lah ban ktah jur ïa ki tyllong um ha kane ka thaiñ. Ki shnong ha baroh arliang jong ka wah Umngot ki sngewthuh bha ïa kane ka jingeh kaba ki mad. Kumta, don ki nongrep kiba la sdang ban thung ïa ki dieng soh, khamtam ki sohñiamtra, ha ki jaka rep jong ki, bad don ruh kiba la sdang ban ïoh kamai na kine ki jingthung. Hynrei, ka jingbun jong ki longïing kiba leh ïa kane ka dang duna bha, bad bun ki dang kwah ban bteng ïa ka jingrep synsar. Hynrei, namar ba ka dor jong u synsar ka la hiar bha ha kine ki ar snem ba la leit, bun ki nongrep ki la sdang ruh ban sngewthuh ba ha ka por ban sa wan, kin hap ban wad ïa kiwei pat ki lad ban ïoh kamai. Don ruh ki nongrep kiba la ai jingmut ba lada u synsar um long shuh uba ïoh myntoi, kin wan phai biang sha ka rep shyrtie. Ha kawei ka liang, ki ong ba la kumno kumno, lyngba ka rep shyrtie, kin ym ïap thngan satia.
Ka don ruh ka jingsngewkhia hapdeng katto katne ki briew ba ka jingbteng jong ka jingrep synsar ka ktah ïa ki tyllong um, khamtam ïa katto katne ki wah rit kiba mih na ki lum bad tuid lyngba ban rung sha ka wah Umngot. Ka rep synsar ka dawa ruh ïa ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki dawai pynïap khniang. Haba kine ki dawai ki shah sait noh, ki tuid sha ka wah ha ka por slap, bad ki lah ban wanrah ïa ka jingktah kaba jur ïa ka jingim hapoh ka um. Ka jingbun ki dohkha ka la hiar lypa namar ka jingjur jong ka jingktah u briew bad ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki bom bad kiwei pat ki rukom riam kiba pynïap ïa ki dohkha. Ka jingpyndonkam ïa kine ki rukom pynïap kiba long pyrshah ïa ka aiñ ka la shah khang lypa katkum ka United Khasi-Jaintia District Fishery Act, 1954, bad hapoh ka Khasi Hills District Fishery (Amendment) Act, 2023. Man la ka shnong ka la pynrung ïa kine ki kyndon kum shi bynta jong ki aiñ bad ki kanun jong ka shnong. Ki shnong kum ka Samanong ki la ju kem ruh ïa ki briew kiba pynkheiñ ïa ka aiñ bad pynngat ïa ki ha ka kuna kaba kot haduh Rs.20,000 namar ka jingpynkheiñ ïa ki kyndon jong ka shnong kiba long pyrshah ïa ka aiñ. Hynrei, kiwei pat ki shnong kim pat lah ban pyntreikam tyngeh ïa kine ki kyndon, namar ba ki shnong ki don halor ki lum, katba ka wah ka ïaid sha ki bynta jong ka them, da ki spah mitar na ki jaka shong shnong. Ki jingpynkheiñ aiñ ki ju jia ruh ha ka por mynmiet, kaba pynlong ïa ka jingpeitngor ban long kaba eh ban buddien. Hynrei, kane kam mut ba ka imlang sahlang kam pyrshang ban leh katba lah ban pynsangeh ïa ka jinghiar jong ka jingbun ki dohkha ha ka wah.
Kumba lai ne saw snem mynshwa, lai tylli ki shnong-kata, ka shnong Umsawwar bad Ksanrngi na East Khasi Hills, bad Samanong na West Jaintia Hills-ki la mynjur ban ïakren halor ka jingïatreilang ban pynïaid bad sumar ïa ka wah. Naduh kata, ki la ju ïakynduh man la u snem, bad ki jingïalang ki ju long harud jong ka wah Umngot. Hapdeng kiwei pat ki mat, ki ïakren ruh halor ka jingpyntreikam tyngeh ïa ki kyndon jong ka shnong lyngba ka jingpeitngor kaba treikam bha. Ka jingthmu kaba kongsan jong kane ka jingïatreilang ka long ban ïada bad pynneh ïa ka jingthaw ba im bad ki jait jingthung kiba don ha ki sawdong sawkun, khnang ban pynthikna ïa ki jingmyntoi kiba neh slem ha ka liang ka jingïoh kamai kajih. Ki dohkha na ka wah Umngot ki dang long kiba ïaid iew bha, khamtam ha Jowai, bad don ki longïing kiba dang shañiah ha ka kam tong dohkha kum ka tyllong jingïarap ban im ja kpoh. Kumta, kine ki lai tylli ki shnong ki pyrshang ruh ban pynsngewthuh ïa kiwei pat ki shnong ba kin wan ïasoh lang ha kane ka jingïatreilang.
Ka Meghalaya State Aquaculture Mission, kaba mynta ka la rung ha ka bynta kaba lai jong ka jingpyntreikam, ka don ïa ki jaka ri dohkha jong ki shnong bapher bapher ha ki wah kum kawei na ki bynta kiba kongsan ban pynneh pynsah ïa ki dohum dohwah. Hangne, ka jingprat lynti jong ka shnong Umsawwar, Samanong bad Ksanrngi ka lah ban long ka jingïarap kaba kongsan bha. Haba pyrkhat ba ka jylla ka dang shañiah haduh 40% ïa ki dohkha kiba wanrah na shabar ka jylla, ki jingïaleh jong ki shnong kum kine ki dei ban ïoh ïa ka jingkyrshan ba pura. Kaba ki donkam bha ka long ka rukom treikam kaba lah ban peitngor bha ïa ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki rukom tong dohkha kiba ktah ïa ki dohkha ha wah, bad ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki drone ruh ka lah ban ïarap shibun ha kane ka bynta.
Ha ki por ba la leit, ka wah Umngot ka la kyrshan pura ïa ka jingim bad ka kamai kajih jong ki shnong kiba shong harud bad hajan ka lynti jong ka.Ka jinglong kongsan jong ka ruh ka lah ban nang ïai kiew shuh shuh ha ki snem ban wan. Hynrei, ka wah ka dang ïakynduh ruh ïa bun ki jingeh, kynthup ïa ka jingduna jong ka jinghap slap namar ka jingkylla ka suiñbneng.Hynrei,kane kam mut ba ka imlang sahlang ka shu peit kai ïa kine ki jingeh khlem leh eiei. Ka la shim ïa ki sienjam ban ïakhun pyrshah ïa kine ki jingeh, da kaba tip bad sngewthuh bha ïa ki jingma kiba lah ban mih lada ym leh eiei.Dei hangne ba ka jingpynrung lang ïa ki jingeh bad ki jingsngewkhia jong ki hapoh ka Draft Agricultural Policy, ka jingpynrung ïa ki sienjam jong ki shnong hapoh ki programme kum ka Meghalaya State Aquaculture Mission, bad ka jingpyntreikam tyngeh ïa ki aiñ kum ka United Khasi-Jaiñtia District Fishery Act, 1954, bad ka Khasi Hills District Fishery (Amendment) Act, 2023, ki long kiba kongsan bha. Kyrmen ba ka sorkar kan sngap ïa ka sur bad ki jingsngewkhia jong ki paidbah ha kine ki thaiñ.
(Ki jingmut kiba la pynpaw ha kane ka article ki dei ki jingmut jong u nongthoh hi, bad kim pyni ne pynpaw ïa ka jingmut jong kano kano ka seng, ka kynhun ne ka tnat treikam ha kaba u nongthoh u don jingïadei.)
