Bhogtoram Mawroh
Ki don ki jingkynthoh pyrshah ba ka riti shim jait na ka kmie ka pynkha shibun ki jingpait ïing bad ka jingbun ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei ha Meghalaya. Kane ka jingkynthoh ka mih na ka jingjurip halor ka jinglong jingman bad ka kamai kajih jong ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei lane kata ka ‘Exploratory Study on the Socio-Economic Status and Problems of Single Mothers in Meghalaya’ ba la pyndep da ka Meghalaya State Commission for Women (MSCW). Kane ka jingjurip ka la jia long hapdeng u bnai Risaw 2016 bad Jymmang 2017, bad la jurip ha ki khatwei tylli ki district. Nga la pyrshang ban ïoh kopi, hynrei ngam pat lah ban ïoh haduh mynta. Na kaei kaba nga la lah ban lum thup na ki kotkhubor halor ka kaiphot jong ka jingjurip la lah ban shem ba napdeng ki hynñiew tylli ki district, ka Ri Bhoi ka dei ka district kaba bun tam ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei bad ki don haduh 19.2%, pynbud sa ka West Khasi Hills kaba don 16.6% bad ka West Garo Hills ka don 15.2% ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei, katba ka East Khasi Hills District ka don 10.6% ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei. Lada kheiñ kyllum lang ïa kine district baroh lah ban ïoh haduh 15% ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei ha ka Jylla bad ka dei u dak jingkheiñ uba heh tam ha Ri India. Katkum ka jingjurip jong ka UN la shem ba ka Ri India ka don tang 7% kaba long mar shiteng na ka jingdon kiba kit khunrei ha Meghalaya. Dei na kine ki jingjurip ba la pynsaphriang ïa ka khana ba ka jingshim jait na ka kmie ka dei ka daw jong ka jingpait ïing ha ka Jylla. Hynrei ka jingkit khunrei jong ki kynthei kam shym jia tang ha Meghalaya, ka jia kylleng ka pyrthei bad ka kham bun ha kiwei pat ki Ri.
Ha ka snem 2019, ka Pew Research Center, ka kynhun jurip kaba paw nam na Washington, D.C., ka la pynmih ïa ka kaiphot halor ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei bad la shem ba ka Ri kaba bun tam ka jingdon ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei ka dei ka Ri America bad ka don haduh 23%. Nangta bud sa ka United Kingdom kaba don 21%, ka São Tomé and Príncipe kaba don 19%, ka Russia kaba don 18%, ka Ri Kenya bad France kiba don 16%, ka Ireland kaba don 14%, ka Germany ka don 12%, bad ka Uganda kaba don 10%. Lah ban ïohi hangne ba ki don shibun ki Ri kiba kham bun ka jingdon ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei ban ïa ka Jylla Meghalaya. Ka jingjurip ka kdew ïa ki Ri kiba pher, lait noh ki Ri kiba don ha ki dew bah South America bad Australia. Ki don ki Ri kiba la roi shaphrang kiba ngi khot ki first world country bad ki don ruh ki Ri kiba dang sahdien ne ki third world country, hynrei kine ki Ri ki ïa long mar kumjuh ha kane ka liang. Kawei kaba kine ki Ri kiba la jurip ki ïasyriem, ka long ba kine ki Ri kim dei ki Ri kiba shim jait na ka kmie. Kumta ka long kaba eh ban shemphang ba kumno kita ki Ri kiba shim jait na u kpa ki kham bun ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei ban ïa ka Jylla Meghalaya kaba ki nongshnong shnong kiba bun ki bud ia ka riti shim jait na ka kmie bad kaba la ju shah pynrem ba ka jingshim jait na ka kmie ka pynkha ïa ka jingkit khunrei. Lada phi pule bniah kine ki Ri kiba la shem ba ki dei ki Ri kiba bun eh ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei bad kiba la pynïa syriem bad ka Meghalaya, ki dei ki Ri kiba bun na ki nongshong shnong ki dei kiba don ha ka jingngeit Khristan, kaba dei ruh ka jingngeit kaba ju hikai ba ki shynrang ki khraw ka bor ban ïa ki kynthei. Haba kumne ka paw ba ka daw jong ka jingkha roi ki kynthei kiba kit khunrei kam dei na ka riti shim jait na ka kmie, lehse ka lah ban long na ka daw ka jingwan ka niam Khristan? Tangba kane ka nia ruh kam lah ban ïeng namar ki la mih ruh ki jingpynphai ñia ba ha baroh ki kynhun niam, wat la ka jing-kit khunrei kaba bun tam ha ka pyrthei ka dei hapdeng kiba la don ha ka niam Khristan, kam mut pat ba ka niam Khristan ka dei ka daw jong ka jingkit khunrei. To ngin ïa thwet bniah kaei ka daw jong ka jingpait ïing ha ka Jylla, hato ka dei ka riti shim jait na ka kmie ne ka niam Khristan?
Ngim ju kham ju ïoh sngew shuh hapdeng ki Khasi ïa kata ka dustur ha kaba u shynrang u leit tang ha ka por mynmiet sha ïing ka tnga jong u bad ba ka longïing jong ka kynthei ka ñiew ïa u tnga tang kum u nongwei, kumba ka long ka riti hapdeng ka kynhun jaitbynriew Mosuo kiba im ha ki bynta ba shathie jong ka Ri China. U P.R.T Gurdon, u pynshisha ïa kane ha ka kot jong u kaba kyrteng The Khasis, kaba la mih ha ka snem 1914. Ha ka lynnong kaba ïadei bad ka shongkha shongman u la batai ba hapdeng ki synteng u tnga u leit sha ïing kiaw tang hadien ba la kem dum ka bneng bad um ju don ha ïing ka tnga ha ka por mynsngi mynshai. Katba u dang don ha ïing kiaw um bam um dih, wat u kwai ruh um ju bam, namar ka kamai jong u kam ju leit sha ïing jong ka tnga bad kumta kam long kaba dei ïa u ban bam ne ban dih hangta”. Ki nongshong shnong jong ka Jowai ki ju kam ba ka niam tynrai jong ki ka dei kaba nylla napdeng kiwei pat ki kynhun niam tynrai jong ki Khasi. Ki ngeit ba dei tang ma ki kiba dang bud pyrkhing ïa ka riti kumba ka long naduh hyndai kulong kumah. Kumba long ki kynhun jaitbynriew Musou na China bad Minangkaau na Indonesia, ki shynrang ki shu leit tang ban thiah miet sha ïing jong ki kiaw bad ba kim dei ki nongshong shnong kiba neh ha shnong jong ki tnga, ka pynshisha ba kaei kaba thoh da u P.R.T Gurdon ka long kaba dei. Da shisha ka riti ba u shynrang u leit tang ban thiah miet ha ?ing jong ka tnga ka dei ka riti nylla jong ki kynhun jaitbynriew kiba shim jait na ka kmie.
Ha ka riti shim jait na ka kmie kumba ka la long ha ki por hyndai, kam ju don kata ka jingkit khunrei ki kynthei namar ka kynthei bad ki khun jong ka ki pynlong ïa ka longïing. Ka kmie da ka jingkyrshan lang jong ki hynmen ki para shynrang, ka kmie bad kmie rad, ka lah ban pynheh pynsan ïa ki khun. Ki nongkynthoh ki ong ba ha kane ka riti, u shynrang u long tang u nongai symbai. Ka don ruh ka jingkren pynrem ba u shynrang Khasi u kham theh ka mynsiem sha ki pyrsa kiba dei na ka jait ka kur jong u, ym ïa ki khun lajong kiba dei na ka kur ka jait ki briew. Kumta, ka kamram jong u shynrang kum u kpa lane kum u kñi ka shong eh ha ka riti, la ka dei ka riti dustur khasi ne ka riti jong ki kynhun niam Khristan, kiba don ha ka thaiñ pdeng mihngi jong ka pyrthei.
Ha ka rukom pyrkhat jong ki jaitbynriew kiba la long Khristan jong ka thaiñ pdeng mihngi jong ka pyrthei, kum ki Jiw bad Arab, ka shongkha shongman, ka snam ka ksuit lane ka jingting khun ki long ki bynta ba kongsan jong ka longïing. Ym kum ka riti jong ki Khasi ha kaba u tnga bad ka tnga kim ïashong ïasah ryngkat, katba ka saiñ pyrkhat jong ki Khristan ha ka thaiñ pdeng mihngi jong ka pyrthei ka dawa ba ka tnga bad u tnga ki dei ban ïashong ïasah ryngkat bad kane barabor ka ju pynmih ïa ka jingïakynad hapdeng shi tnga. Ki don ki shynrang khasi kiba ju kynthoh bad ud ba ki hap ban leit sah sha ïing jong ka tnga ha kaba ki ju shah peit ibeiñ ha ki kiaw, ki kynum ne ki kynsi. Hynrei ym ju don pat kiba ïakren bad pdiang ba ka ju don ruh ka jingban beiñ ïa ki kynthei haba ki leit shong sha ïing jong u tnga. Balei ba ym ju don ba kren shaphang ka jingshah peit ibeiñ jong ki kynthei kumba ki shim khia ïa ka jingeh jong ki shynrang ha kane ka bynta? Sa shisien, hato kane kam dei ka jingshah ïalam ha ka jingngeit Khristan kaba hikai ba ki kynthei ki dei ban pyndem ha khmat ki shynrang? Kumta kiba ujor ki dei hi ki shynrang kiba pyrkhat ba ka jinghikai ka niam Khristan ka kham bha ban ïa ka tynrai bad riti jong Khasi.
Sa kawei pat ka jingeh kaba khraw kaba ym tang ki kynthei Khasi ki mad, hynrei ki kynthei ha kylleng satlak ka pyrthei bad kata ka dei ka jingshah thombor bad jingshah shoh shah dat ki kynthei hapoh ïing lajong. Hyndai, ka jingshoh jingdat ïa ki kynthei khasi kam ju kham jia koit namar ba u tnga um ju sahlang bad ka tnga. Ka jingsngewthuh bakla, kaba ju pynmih ïa ki jingïakajia hapdeng ka tnga bad u tnga, bad ba u tnga un shoh un dat ïa ka tnga ka ju kham jia hapdeng ki jaitbyniew kiba bud ïa ka riti shim jait na u kpa bad ka dustur kaba hikai ba u shynrang u long halor jong ka kynthei. Ka kynthei kaba shu shaniah tylli ha ka kamai jong u shynrang ka mad ïa ki jingeh bad ïa ka jingshah shoh shah dat kiba kham jur. Ha ka riti shim jait na ka kmie ha kaba u kñi bad ka kmie ki kitkhlieh ban pynheh pynsan ïa ki khun ki pyrsa ka wanrah ïa ka jingburom kylliang bad kumta kim ïalong nongwei namar ba ki ïashong lang hapoh ujuh u tnum u tynda bad ki long ki dkhot jong ka longïing. Ym kum ha ka dusur shim jait na u kpa ha kaba ka kynthei ka hap ban mih na la ïing na trep la jong, ban leit sha ïing u tnga, uba long tang u briew, bad uba dei pat u trai ne khlieh jong ka ïing. Ha ka riti shim jait na ka kmie u shynrang bad ka kynthei, baroh ar, ki shong ki sah duh ha la ki jong ki trep bad kumta ki lait na ka jingshah peit ibeiñ kum ki nongwei bad kiba tlot bor.
Kumta ka jingpyrkhat shaphang ka jingpait ki longïing bad ka jingkit khunrei ka mih na ka saiñdur jong ka dustur ki kynhun shim jait na u kpa ha kaba ka kynthei ka dei ban bthat noh ka jingïadei bad ki kur ki jait bad ban shah synshar ha u tnga uba lah ban iehnoh ïa ka tang shiteng por. Sa kawei pat ka kaiphot, kaba la tip kum ka Report of the Exploratory Study on the Socio Economic Status and Problems of Single Mothers (SM) in Meghalaya, kaba kongsan halor ka jingjurip ba la leh da ka Meghalaya State Commission for Women ryngkat ka jingïatrei lang ka tnat pule Anthropology jong ka skulbah NEHU bad ka tnat pule Social Welfare jong ka MLCU. Kane ka kaiphot ka ïathuh ba ka daw ba kongsan ba ki kynthei ki kit khunrei ka dei namar ka jingïap shiteng por jong ki tnga ne kpa jong ki khun bad kam dei satia ba u shynrang u phet noh kumba la ju pynsaphriang khana paidbah. Bunsien ki briew lada kim sngewïahap ïa kino kino ki jingtip ne jingpyrkhat, kim salia ban pynksan ïa la ka jong ka nia wat la ki tip ba ki long ki bym don nongrim bad kiba ym lah satia ban pynshisha da ki jingshem bad ki dak jingkheiñ.
Kin don kiba ïasaid nia bad ong ba ka kolshor ne ka niam Hindu kaba dei kaba heh paid ha Ri India bad kaba u shynrang u long uba donbor bad u ïoh lut ka jait ka khong sha lade, hynrei ka jingshah ïeh khunswet ne ka jingkit khunrei ki kynthei ka duna ha Ri India. Tangba ki nongpule ki dei ban wad bniah bad pule bha ïa ki kot bad kin sa shem ïa ka jingkordit jong ki kynthei ha ka imlang sahlang bad niam Hindu. Ha ka imlang sahlang Hindu ki kynthei ki shah thang im, ki shah shoh haba ki kmie ki kpa jong ka kim lah ban siew ïa ka dowry. Nangta, ka jingkordit jong ki ‘thei ïap lok bad ki khun kynthei ka bym long ïakren. Ha kiba bun ki longïing wat la shi tnga ki ïashong ïasah ryngkat kam mut ba kam don ka jingpait ïing bad ki don bun ki ïing kiba don hapdeng ka jingïakynat kaba jur.
Kaei kaba ngin leh mynta? Ka dustur, ka niam ne kolshor kaba shim jait na u kpa, la ka long ka niam Hindu ne Khristan, ka don hapoh jong ka ïa ki jinghikai tynrai ba u shynrang u long uba khrawbor bad u lah ban leh katba u sngewbit bad kane ka ïalam sha ka jingpait ïing, ka jingthombor, jingshoh jingdat beiñ ïa ki kynthei bad ka jingshah ïehnoh beiñ bad jingkit khunrei. Ka don ka lynti ban lait na kane bad kata ka long ban phai biang sha ka tynrai bah jong ka riti shim jait na ka kmie. Ngam tip la kane ka lynti ka dang lah ban long? Hynrei kaei ba ngi lah ban leh ka long ba ngin shim jinghikai na kata ka tynrai bah kaba nylla jong ka riti shim jait na ka kmie khnang ba ki pateng kiba bud kin ym ngat ha ka shrip bad ka apot jong ka kolshor shim jait na u kpa. Kane pat kam mut ba ngin ran biang shadien, hynrei ryngkat ka riti shim jait na ka kmie ngin mait shaphrang sha ka lawei.
(Kane ka jingthoh ka dei ka jingsngew jong u nongthoh shimet)
