Ka jingïeng laitluid ha ka jingpynmih marbam ha Meghalaya: Ka Por Ka La Poi
Da u George B. Lyngdoh
Ki Jingeh Ha Ka Bam Ka La Nang Jur Ha Meghalaya
Ka jingshañiah jong ka Meghalaya ha ki marbam kiba wanrah na shabar ka jylla ka la nang jur bad ka la sdang ban ktah ym tang ïa ka ïoh ka kot hynrei ruh ïa ka koit ka khiah jong ki longïing. Ha kine ki san snem kiba la leit, ka dor jong ki marbam ka la kiew palat 20%, kaba kham stet ban ïa ka jingkiew ka jingïoh jingïarap bad ka jingïoh jingïohkam jong kiba bun ki longïing.
Ha ka ri India hi, ka jingkiew dor jong ki marbam ka la poi haduh 11% ha u Risaw 2024 bad hadien ka la hiar sha kumba 6% ha u Kyllalyngkot 2025. Katba ha Assam, ka Jylla kaba marjan, ka Food Price Index ka la hiar sha 5.4% ha u Naitung 2024 na ka 9.4% ha u Jylliew.
Ha kajuh ka por, ka jingduna bam duna dih ruh ka la nang jur. Katkum ka NFHS-5, kumba 40% ki khynnah kiba hapoh san snem ki dang shah ktah na ka jingduna jingïoh bam kaba tei met bad ka jingduna jingïoh jingbam kaba biang. Kane ka pyni shai ba ka jylla ka donkam ban shim mardor ïa ki sienjam ban pynkhlaiñ ban pynmih ïa la ka bam ka dih, ban ïakhun pyrshah ïa ka jingduna bam bad ban pynduna ïa ka jingshañiah ha ki marbam kiba wanrah na shabar.
Ka Jingshañiah Ha Ki Marbam Na Shabar
Mynta ka Meghalaya ka dang wanrah na shabar kumba 70% u khaw, 85% ki jingïap (pulses), bad jan 90% ki soh bad ki jhur. Kane ka pynlong ïa ka jylla ban pynlut palat T. 2,500 klur man la u snem tang na ka bynta ka jingthied marbam na shabar.
Katba ki jingpynmih na ki mar rep kum u synsar bad u kwai ki duna ïa ka 20% na ka jingïoh jong ki nongrep, hynrei ki jingthung jingtep marbam ki long palat 65% khamtam ba bun ki nongrep kiba don khyndiat ka jaka rep.
Ka jingkiew dor jong ki marbam ka nang jur ruh namar ka jingbymbiang ki surok, ka rel, bad ka rukom pynpoi ïa ki mar. Ka jingkhang ïa ki trok kiba heh ban ïaid lyng-ba ka Umiam Dam ka pynlong ïa ki ban leit da ka lynti kaba jngai lyngba Lad Umroi bad Mawryngkneng shaduh Shillong. Kane ka pynkiew ïa ka jinglut bad ka dor jong ki marbam.
Ki Nongrep Ki Dei Ki Nongsengkam, Ym Kiba shu ap ban iohei
Ka por ka la dei ban pynkylla ïa ka jingmut jong ngi shaphang ki nongrep.
Nga la ju kren ba dei ban ithuh ïa ki nongrep kum ki entrepreneur ne ki nongseng kam lajong, ym kum ki beneficiary lane ki nongap ban ioh jingïarap ba ai ei na ka Sorkar. Ki nongrep kim ju ap ïa ka jingïarap ban leit rep; hynrei ki trei namar ka rep ka long ka jingïoh kamai jong ki bad ka bynta ïa la ka jong ka jingim.
Kumba la ong da uwei u nongrep na Ri Bhoi :
> “Ngi la long kiba laitluid naduh mynshwa.Ngi rep ym namar ba ngi ap jingïarap na kino kino, hynrei namar ba ka rep ka don ha ka snam jong ngi. Kaba ngi donkam ka long ki symbai kiba bha, ka dor kaba hok bad ka jaka buh marrep ba biang, ym tang ki jingïarap pisa.”
Lada ngi ithuh ïa ki nongrep kum ki nongkhaïi bad ki nongbei tyngka ha ka rep, ka rukom pynïaid ïa ka kam rep ha Meghalaya kan kylla lut.
Ka Jingbishar Bniah Ïa Ka Mang Tyngka Ba Phra Jong Ka MDA
Ha ka jingkren mang tyngka ba phra jong u Myntri Rangbah Conrad K. Sangma, u la mang haduh T. 618 klur na ka bynta ka tnad rep.
Watla kane ka long ka jingmang kaba heh tam haduh mynta, hynrei ha ka jingpeit jong nga ka shong eh ha ka agribusiness lane ka jingpynroi ïa ki jingïoh kamai na ki marbam.
Ka jingkiew ha ki lad kamai jong ki nongrep bad ka jingshngaiñ jong ka Jylla ha la jong ki marbam ka dei ban long ka thong ba hakhmat, khnang ban pynduna ïa ka jingkiew dor marbam bad ka jingshañiah ha ki marbam na shabar.
Ki Jingma Na Ka Rukom Ai Dor Ba pynkhlaiñ Ïa Ki marrep bym dei ki marbam (Cash Crop)
Ka prokram CM-ASSURE, kaba la mang T. 50 klur, ka ai dor ban pynskhem ïa ka dor jong u synsar bad u kwai.
Wat la kane ka lah ban ai pisa ha i por ba lyngkot, hynrei ka lah ruh ban pynlong ïa ki nongrep ban shaniah tang ha uwei u jait jingthung (monocropping).
Ka jingïaid da kane ka lynti ka lah ban:
*pynkheiñ ïa ka rukom ïaid ka ïew,
*pynmih jingïalam bakla ha ka dor,
*bad plie lad ïa ka bamsap.
Ka Jingbym Don Ka Jingkyrshan ba paka Ïa Ka rep sboh mariang bad rep tynrai
Ka mang tyngka ka dang sngap jar jar halor ka jingai jingïarap ïa ka rep khlem dawai (organic agriculture) bad ïa ka rep tynrai (regenerative agriculture).
Pynban, ka dang kyrshan ïa ki symbai ba donkam dawai (hybrid) bad ka rep kaba shaniah ha ki dawai.
Kine ki symbai kiba wan na shabar bunsien :
*shah ktah kloi da ki jingpang,
*ai soh kiba duna ka por ban neh,
*yn julor ïa ka khyndew,
*bad pynduna ïa ka jingïapher jingïapher jong ki jingthung tynrai.
Ka jylla Sikkim, kaba long ka jylla banyngkong ha India ban pynbna ba ka rep ‘organic’, ka la pyni ba ka mei mariang ka lah ban wanrah ïa ka jingshngaiñ ha ka bam, pynkhlaiñ ïa ki ïew jong ki mar tynrai bad kyntiew ïa ka kamai jong ki nongrep.
Ka Meghalaya ka dei ban bud ïa kane ka nuksa.
Ki Jingjop Ha Ka Jingpynroi Ïa Ki Jingthung Bam
Ha u snem 2022, ka Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI), Upper Shillong, ka la ïatreilang bad ki nongrep jong ka Umroi ban thung phan (potato) ha ka por tlang.
Kane ka la pynkiew ïa ka jingïoh jong ki nongrep bad plie lad ruh ban pynmih ïa ki mar kiba la dep pynwandur kum ki ‘chips’ bad kiwei pat.
Ha kajuh ka por, ki prokram halor u krai (millet) bad ki jait khaw bapher bapher ki la pyni ïa ki dak jingkyrmen.
Hynrei, ki dawai ba dei ban shna kum ki sboh ma-riang bad dawai pyniap khñiang (biofertilizer bad biopesticide) ki dang duna bha, wat hapoh ki tnad Sorkar hi.
Ki Jingeh Ha Ka Jingpynmih Jingthung Bam
Ki nongrep ha Meghalaya ki dang ïakynduh shibun ki jingeh, kynthup ïa :
*ka jaka rep kaba eh,
*ka jingbym biang ka umbam umdih bad ka irrigation,
*ka jingkylla ka dor ha ïew,
*ka jingduna ki symbai bad ki jingïarap rep,
*ka jingduna ki nongtrei,
*bad ka jinghiar ka jingïashim bynta jong ki samla ha ka rep.
Ka Jingdonkam Ban Don Ka Meghalaya Food Sovereignty Policy lane ka Polisi rep ban pynbiang marbam dalade ïalade
Lada ka Meghalaya ka kwah ban pynthikna ïa ka jingshngaiñ ha ka jingdon ka bam bad ka jingïaineh jong ka rep ka riang ha ki snem ban wan, ka jylla ka donkam mardor ïa ka Meghalaya Food Sovereignty Policy lane ka Polisi rep ban lah ban pynmih marbam dalade ïalade
Kane ka polisi ka dei ban thmu ban :
*Pynduna ïa ka jingshañiah jong ka Jylla ha ki marbam kiba wan na shabar da kaba pynkhlaiñ ïa ka jingpynmih marbam hapoh ka jylla.
*Ban ïada bad kyntiew ïa ki rukom rep tynrai, ki symbai trai ri, ka jingwad bniah (research) ban pynbha ïa ka rukom rep da ki nongrep hi bad bna kyntiew ïa ka rukom bam tynrai.
*Ban pynthikna ïa ka jingshngaiñ bam bad ka jinglah ban ïakhun ïa ka jingkylla ka suiñbneng lyngba ka rep tynrai bad rep da ka sboh mariang bynta jong ki shnong bad ki imlang sahlang
*Ban pynkhlaiñ ïa ka jingshim bynta jong ki Shnong ki thaw ban kyntiew ïa ka kam rep bad ka jingpynpoi hok ïa ki marbam sha baroh ki paidbah
Ka Lynti Sha Ka jingpynbiang marbam (Food Sovereignty) Jong Ka Meghalaya
Ki thong Ha Ka Por Ba Lyngkot (0-2 snem)
*Pynheh ïa ka CM FARM+ ban kyrshan ruh ïa ki jingthung bam kum u khaw, u krai, ki symbai soh bad ki jhur tynrai.
*Seng ïa ki jaka sara symbai ha ki shnong ne ki Community Seed Bank ban sumar bad pynneh ïa ki symbai tynrai.
*Ban ithuh bad ïada ïa ki hok jong ki shnong halor ka jaka rep paidbah, khnang ba ki nongrep kin dang lah ban pyndonkam ïa ki jaka rep tynrai.
*Ban pynkhlaiñ ïa ka jingthied marbam na ki nongrep shnong da kaba thied na la ki nongrep ban sam pat ha ki skhim paidbah kum ha ki marbam rashon (Public Distribution System (PDS), bamja sngi ha ki skul (Mid-Day Meal Scheme) bad skhim ICDS.
*Dei ban seng ïa ki komiti ban pynbiang marbam (Village Food Sovereignty Counci)l ha ki shnong kum ka bynta ban kyntiew ïa ka kam rep da kaba pynïasoh ïa ka VB-GRAM bad kiwei ki skhim bad ki kam rep.
*Ban kyntiew ïa ka rep tynrai, ban pynbun ki jait jingthung (mixed cropping), bad ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki sboh mariang (biofertilizer bad biopesticide).
*Ban buh ka thong ban pynduna ïa ka jingwanrah marbam na shabar da 10% shuwa u snem 2026.
Ki Thong Ha Ka Por ban kham long Pdeng (2-5 snem)
*Ban pynheh ïa ka jingpynbiang um (irrigation) na 1.54 lakh hectare sha 2.5 lakh hectare, khamtam ha ki nongrep kiba duna ka jaka rep.
*Ban seng ïa ka ïew marbam tynrai (Indigenous Food Market) ban kyntiew ïa ki jingbam tynrai bad ban pynïasoh bad ka jingwan ki nongjngohkai pyrthei.
?Ban ai jingïarap pisa bad jingïarap jingïoh jinghikai ïa ki nongrep kiba bud ïa ka rep snoh mariang bad rep tynrai
*Ban pynrung ïa ki jingbam tynrai ha ka jingbam ja skul (Mid-Day Meal) Scheme bad ICDS.
*Ban buh ka thong ban pynduna ïa ka jingwanrah khaw na shabar da 30% shuwa u snem 2028.
Ki thong ba kham Jngai (5-10 snem)
*Ban pynduna ïa ka jingwanrah marbam na shabar da 50% bad pynlong ïa ka Meghalaya kaba lah ban pynbiang hi dalade ïa ki marbam ba kongsan.
*Ban wanrah ïa ka aiñ Meghalaya Food Sovereignty Act ban ïada ïa ki hok jong ki nongrep bad ki rukom rep tynrai da ka thong ban wanrah ïa ka aiñ ka ban ïaid sha ki thong ba la buh
*Ban pynkhlaiñ ïa ka jingïarap pisa sha ka rep da kaba bhah 50% na ka pisa jingïarap jong ka tnad rep ban thung ïa ki marbam.
*Ban seng ïa ki lad kumno ban pynkhreh lada mih ki jingeh kum ka jingkylla suiñbneng, ka khlam ne ki jingduna kynsan ha ki marbam (Emergency Food Reserve)
Ki kyntien pynkut
Ka jinglah ban ïeng laitluid ha ka jingpynbiang marbam Food Sovereignty kam dei tang ka jingangnud, hynrei ka dei ka jingdonkam kaba kyrkieh ban pynthikna ïa ka lawei jong ka Meghalaya.
Lada ka jylla ka dang shañiah ha ki marbam kiba wanrah na shabar, kan nang shah ktah ha ka jingkiew dor, ka jingduna jingïoh bam, bad ka jingbym skhem ha ka ïoh ka kot.
Ka por ka la dei ïa ki nongrep, ïa ka Sorkar bad ki paidbah ban ïatreilang ban pynkhie im biang ïa ki rukom rep bad ki rukom bam tynrai jong ngi.
Da kaba leh kumta, ngin ym tang lah ban pynthikna ïa ka jingshngaiñ ha ka bam ka dih, hynrei ngin pynkhlaiñ ruh ïa ka ïoh ka kot, ka koit ka khiah, ka jingpynneh mariang bad ka jingïaineh jong ka jylla ha ki pateng ban wan.
(U nongthoh u dei u MLA barim jong ka Meghalaya Legislative Assembly)
