Bhogtoram Mawroh
Ha kine ki khyndiat taïew ba la dep, ngi la ïohi ïa ki dur kiba pynsngewsih bha kiba pyni ïa ki nongrep kiba hap ban die noh ïa ki mar rep jong ki ha ka dor kaba rit tam namar ka jingbym don ki nongthied. Hadien kata, ka National People’s Party (NPP) Farmers’ Unit ka la lap ba ka jingdawa ïa ki jhur na Meghalaya ka la hiar bha ha ki ïew paidbah kiba heh kum ha Siliguri, West Bengal bad ha ki bynta jong ka Upper Assam. La ong ba kane ka jia namar ba ki nongthied ki la sdang ban thied ïa ki mar rep na Arunachal Pradesh bad Nagaland, namar ki lah ban ïoh ha ka dor kaba kham duna. Kane ka lah ban mut shibun kiei-kiei.
Ka lah ban long ba ki nongrep na Arunachal Pradesh bad Nagaland ki la nang pynbha ïa ka rukom trei jong ki, kaba la pynlah ïa ki ban pynduna ïa ka jinglut ha ka jingpynmih mar rep, bad kumta ka la pynlong ïa ki jhur jong ki ban long kiba lah ban ïaleh ha ïew. Hynrei, lada ki nongrep ha Meghalaya ki hap ban die ïa ki mar rep jong ki tang ha ka dor Rs. 2 shi kilo, kane ka mut ba ki nongrep na kine ki ar jylla ruh kim ïoh dor kaba heh eh na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki. Ka lad kaba ki nongrep na Nagaland bad Arunachal Pradesh ki lah ban pyndap ïa kane ka jingduna ha ka dor ka long tang da kaba die bun bha ki mar rep. Hynrei kane ka long kaba eh ban ngeit, namar ka jingheh jong ki jaka rep ha kine ki ar jylla lum ka jan ïaryngkat bad ka jylla Meghalaya.
Ka jinglut ha ka leit ka wan ruh ka lah ban long kawei na ki daw. Hynrei, na ka bynta ki jylla kum ka Nagaland bad Arunachal Pradesh, ka jingkit ïa ki mar sha ki ïew kiba jngai kum ha Siliguri ka dei ban kham rem, lait noh tang lada pyndonkam da ki rel, namar kata kan pynduna ïa ka jinglut baroh kawei. Hynrei, nga suba ba ka daw kaba kham shisha ka dei ka jingbun palat jong ki jhur ha ïew. Kane ka paw ruh ha Lower Assam, kaba mynta ka thied khyndiat ïa ki jhur na Meghalaya namar ba ka jingpynmih mar rep hapoh la ka jylla ka la biang. Ha nga, kine ki long ki daw kiba lah ban batai balei ki nongrep na Meghalaya kim lah ban die ïa ki mar rep jong ki. Lym kumta, ka liang ka jingïoh jingïarap ha ka ïoh ka kot kam ïahap satia.
Kawei na ki lad ban weng ïa kane ka jingeh ka long ban pynkhlaiñ ïa ka jinglah ban pynmih mar rep ha Meghalaya. Kane ka mut tang kawei ka bynta-ban pynbun ïa ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki sboh paidbah (fertilizers) bad ki dawai pynïap khñiang (pesticides), kiba dang duna bha ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki haba ïanujor bad kiwei ki jylla ha ri India. Hynrei, kane ka wan ryngkat bad la ki jong ki jingma, kum ka jingjulor suki-suki ïa ka mariang bad ki jingma kiba khraw ïa ka koit ka khiah jong ki paidbah.
Ka jingïadei hapdeng ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki pesticide bad ki jingpang ka la shah pynshisha bha lyngba ka jingïakynduh jong ka Punjab, kaba ju tip kum ka “cancer belt”, ha kaba la lap ba ki jaka kiba pyndonkam bun bha ïa ki pesticide ki don ruh ka jingïoh pang cancer kaba kham bun. Kumjuh ruh, la lap ba ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki sboh kemikal kum ka urea ka pynjaboh ïa ka khyndew bad ïa ki tyllong um, bad ka pynmih ruh ïa ka nitrous oxide sha suiñbneng, kaba pynjur ïa ka jingkylla ka suiñ-bneng. Ym tang katta, hynrei ka jingpynmih ïa kine ki kemikal ka shañiah ruh ha ka jingpyndonkam ïa ki jingïoh na ki jingïoh jingïapoh khyndew (fossil fuels), kiba nang pynbun shuh shuh ïa ka jingktah ïa ka mariang.Kumta, kane kam dei ka jingïarap kaba neh bad kaba lah ban bteng slem.
Kumta, ka donkam ban wad ïa ki ïew kiba thymmai na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki nongrep. Kane ka mut ban seng ïa ki ïew kiba thymmai lane ban pyndonkam kham bha ïa ki ïew kiba la don lypa lyngba ki mar rep kiba kyrpang kiba lah ban ïoh dor kaba heh. Ha kane ka bynta, ngi la ïohi ïa ki nuksa kum u sohtrun (pineapple), u sohniamtra (orange), bad u shynrai Lakadong, kiba katkum ki jingïathuh khubor ki ïoh dor kaba bha bha ha shabar ka jylla.
Hynrei, ym baroh ki nongrep ki rep ïa kine ki jait jingthung, bad ym dei ruh ban pynshlur ïa ka jingrep tang ïa khyndiat tylli ki jait jingthung ha ki jaka kiba heh. Kum kine ki rukom rep ki kham duna ka bor jingïada pyrshah ïa ka jingkylla ka suiñbneng bad ki jingthombor jong ki khñiang bad ki jingpang jingthung, kaba mut ba yn hap pyndonkam kham bun ïa ki dawai kemikal. Kumta, ha kane ka por kam dei ka rukom rep kaba donkam ban kylla, hynrei ka long ka jingdon ki ïew na ka bynta ki mar rep kiba ki nongrep ki la pynmih lypa. Ha ka jingshisha, ki ïew kiba lah ban pyndonkam mar-rep ki la don lypa hapoh ka jylla. Kine ki dei ki shnong bad ki sor kiba la don lypa ha Meghalaya, kiba lah ban long ki ïew na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki nongrep.
Katkum ka Census 2011, ka Meghalaya ka don haduh 6,893 tylli ki shnong, bad kane ka jingïoh jingïakheiñ ka dei ban la nang bun mynta. Hynrei, wat lada ngi mut ba ka jingbun shnong ka dang neh kumjuh, ka mut ba ka jylla ka la don lypa haduh 6,893 tylli ki ïew kiba lah ban long ka jaka die ïa ki mar rep jong ki nongrep. Ki nongthied kiba lah ban don ha kine ki ïew ki bynta ar jait, kata ki institutional bad ki non-institutional. Ha ka bynta kaba ar, kata ki long ki longïing kiba sah ha kine ki shnong. Ha u snem 2011, ka jingbun jong kine ki longïing ka long 555,131 tylli, lane palat 5 lak tylli ki longïing. Lada ngi mut ba kine ki longïing kin pynlut kumba Rs. 100 shi sngi ban thied ïa ki jingdonkam bapher bapher jong ka ïing, kane ka mut ka jingpynlut kaba palat Rs. 5 klur shi sngi. Ha ka shi snem, kane ka poi sha palat Rs. 2,000 klur.
Ka jingshisha ba ka Meghalaya la tip kum ka jylla kaba hap ban wanrah bam na shabar ka jylla ka mut ba ka jingpynmih bam hapoh jylla kam biang ban pyndap ïa ka jingdawa hapoh jylla. Katkum ka jingïoh pyrkhat na ki kot, kane ka dei ban pynkiew ïa ka dor jong ki mar jong ki nongrep napoh jylla. Hynrei, ha ka jingshisha kam long kumta, namar ka dor ka shah pynduna da ka jingwan rung jong ki mar rep na kiwei pat ki jylla. Lada leit sha kano kano ka ïew shnong, lah ban ïohi ïa ki jhur bad kiwei ki mar rep kiba wan na ki nongrep shnong bad ruh ki mar kiba wanrah na shabar ka jylla. Ki nongthied ki sngewtynnad ïa kane ka jinglong jingman namar ka pynduna ïa ka dor jong ki mar na ka bynta jong ki. Hynrei, ka bynta kaba sngewsih ka long ba kane ka pynduk ïa ki nongrep, namar kim lah ban ïoh ïa ka dor kaba hok na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki.
Ha ka jylla kum ka Meghalaya, ha kaba 80% na ki paidbah ki shong ki sah ha ki shnong nongkyndong bad 60% na ki nongtrei ki im da ka rep ka riang, kane ka wanrah ïa ka jinglong ba bun na ki paidbah kim lah ban lait na ka jingduk. Kane ka mut ruh ba 80% na ki paidbah ka jylla ki don ka bor thied kaba duna, bad kumta ka jingdawa ïa ki mar kiba ym dei ki mar rep ruh kan duna, namar ym don pisa paidbah ban pynlut ha kum kine ki mar. Haba ki nongrep kim ïoh dor kaba biang na ki mar rep jong ki, ki nang sah ha ka jingduk. Kane ka mut ba ka ïew ka tlot, bad haba ka ïew ka tlot, ka ïoh ka kot jong ka jylla ruh ka tlot. Kumne ka jingïaid paidbah ka bteng beit khlem kut. Kumta, kam long kaba phylla ba mynta ka Meghalaya ka dang long kawei na ki jylla kiba duk tam ha ka ri.
Hynrei, watla ki shnong ki dei ki ïew kiba lah ban pyndonkam na ka bynta ki mar rep, bad ki longïing kiba shong ba sah ha kine ki shnong ki dei ki nongthied kiba lah ban don, hynrei kane ka dei tang ka lad kaba ioh ban trei kam ha ka lawei. Ha ka por kaba lyngkot, ka donkam ban wad ki lad kiba lah ban pyntreikam noh mardor. Hangne keiñ, ka long kaba donkam ban pyndonkam ïa ki institutional markets, namar kine ki kham suk ban rung bad ban pyntreikam.
Ki institutional markets ki long ha ki skul lyngba ka Mid-Day Meal Programme (kaba la tip mynta kum ka PM-POSHAN), ka ICDS, bad kiwei pat ki jaka treikam jong ka sorkar kum ki phatok, ki hostel, ki ophis sorkar bad kiwei kiwei. Kawei na ki seng bhalang, ka NESFAS (North East Society for Agroecology Support) ka la pyntreikam ïa ka prokram ban thied mar rep na ki nongrep shnong ha katto katne ki skul ba la jied ha ka jylla. Ha kane ka rukom, ka SMC (School Management Committee) ka ïa soi jingïateh kular bad ki kynhun nongrep shnong ban pynpoi jhur sha ka skul. Ka skul ka ïoh ïa ka jingpynbiang jhur kaba man ka por, kaba kynthup ruh ïa ki jhur khlaw kiba tei met bha, katba ki nongrep pat ki ïoh ïa ka ïew kaba pynthikna na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki. Kumta, man kawei pa kawei ka skul ha kaba la pyntreikam ïa ka PM-POSHAN, kaba palat 13,000 tylli ha ka jylla, ka lah ban long ka ïew kaba pura na ka bynta ki nongrep. Kumjuh ruh ka long ha ka prokram ICDS.
Ka sorkar ka lah ruh ban pynlong aiñ ba ki canteen ne ki dukan kiba don hapoh ki jaka treikam jong ka sorkar ki dei ban thied ïa ki jhur na ki nongrep shnong. Kumjuh ruh, bun ki homestay ha ka jylla la tei da ka jingïarap pisa na ka sorkar, bad dei ban don ka jingïateh kular kaba pynbor ïa ki ban thied ïa ki jhur na ki nongrep shnong. Ki hotel kiba la seng da ka jingïarap jong ka sorkar ki dei ruh ban bud ïa kane ka rukom. Lada kano kano ka shnong, kynhun ne ka seng ka ïoh ne ka la ïoh jingïarap na ka sorkar, dei ban kynthup ïa kum kane ka kyndon ha ka jingïateh kular shuwa ban ai ïa kata ka jingïarap. Shaphang ki nongpynbiang mar, ka sorkar ka la don lypa ïa ki jingtip shaphang ki kynhun nongrep lyngba ka prokram FOCUS. Ïa kine ki kynhun lah ban pyndonkam bad jingïarap ïa ki ban ïa soi jingïateh kular bad kine ki jaka treikam. Lada lap ba kino kino ki jaka treikam kim bud ïa ka jingïateh kular, dei ban pynduh ïa ka jingïarap jong ka sorkar bad pynphai noh ïa kino kino ki jingïarap ba la ai lypa.Tang katto katne ki jingpynshitom paidbah ïa kiba pynkheiñ ïa ka jingïateh kular kin long ka jinghikai ïa kiwei pat, bad kumta kin bud ïa ki kyndon ba la buh.
Ha bun ki ri, ka public procurement ka la shah pyndonkam kum ka lad ban pynthikna ba ki nongrep kin ïoh ïa ka dor kaba hok na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki. Ha India, ka PDS (Public Distribution System) bad ka MSP (Minimum Support Price) ki dei ki nuksa kiba paw bha jong kane ka rukom. Hynrei, ha kine ki rukom, ka sorkar ka hap ban shim ïa ka jingkitkhlieh ban long hi ka ïew kaba thied ïa ki mar rep. Ha kane ka jingai jingmut pat, kam donkam ba ka sorkar kan long hi ka ïew. Ka sorkar ka dei tang ban pynlong aiñ ba ki shnong treikam bad ki jaka kiba ïoh jingïarap na ka sorkar ki hap ban don ïa ka rukom thied mar rep na ki nongrep shnong, bad ban pynthikna ba ïa kane ka aiñ la pyntreikam hok. Hadien baroh, ka sorkar ka la dep pynlut shibun ka pisa ha ki prokram bapher bapher ban kyntiew ïa ka jingïoh jingïarap bad ka kamai kajih jong ki paidbah. Bun na kine ki prokram ki ïasyriem bad don ruh kiba nang ïalap biang ïa kajuh ka kam ha ki project bapher bapher. Hynrei, ka jingeh kaba ki jingïakynduh lang ka long ka jingbymdon ki ïew ban die ïa ki mar rep. Ka rukom ba la batai haneng ka pyndonkam ïa ki prokram bad ki jaka treikam kiba la don lypa ban long hi ki ïew na ka bynta ki nongrep. Katba kine ki prokram ki dang ïai bteng bad katba ka sorkar ka dang ïai kyrshan ne pynïaid ïa kine ki jaka treikam, ka ïew na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki nongrep kan dang long kaba pynthikna.
Ha ka por kaba jngai, ynda ka bor jingïoh jingïarap pisa jong kata ka 80% na ki paidbah bad ka 60% na ki nongtrei ba im da ka rep ka riang ka la kham kiew, kin kylla long ki nongthied kiba neh slem. Kane ka lah ban jia khlem da khang ïa ka jingwan rung jong ki mar na shabar ka jylla, namar kata kan ym long kaba hok ïa ka jingïaleh ha ïew bad ruh ïa kito kiba dang shaniah ha ki mar kiba duna dor. Hynrei, kata ka dei ka kam jong ka lawei. Ha kane ka por mynta, ki ïew na ka bynta ki mar rep jong ki nongrep jong ngi ki la don lypa. Ka kam kaba donkam mynta ka long tang ban pyntreikam noh ïa kine ki ïew mardor.
(Ki jingpynpaw ha kane ka jingthoh ki dei tang ki jingpyrkhat jong u nongthoh bad kim pynpaw, ha kano kano ka rukom, ïa ka jingïeng lane ka jingmut jong kano kano ka seng ne ka jingïatreilang kaba u don jingïadei)
